基于相变技术的便携式储冷箱性能研究

Examining the Performance of Portable Cold-storage Box Based onPhase-change Technology

在冷链运输末端温度失效问题普遍存在,本文基于相变技术设计了适用于-18℃以下的冷链末端运输的冷能储存箱。研究了储冷箱在环境温度、真空板厚度、相变材料的种类及其与真空板相对位置等参数变量影响下箱体的温度场特性和储冷性能,并对不同位置相变材料板单独存在时的储冷性能进行分析。结果表明:储冷箱有良好的抵抗外界温度变化的能力,且装配真空板时最大有效保冷时间延长至29.26 h,相变材料布置在真空板内侧时有效保冷时间延长54.3%。基于实际应用温度所研究的4种相变材料中,相变温度为-21.55℃的2-辛酮储冷性能最佳。对不同位置的相变材料板单独分析发现,底部板对储冷箱整体的储冷效果贡献最大,其单板保冷系数为0.454。

Temperature failure at the end of cold-chain transportation is common.Based on phase-change technology,a cold energy storage box suited for the end of cold-chain transport below-18℃was developed.The temperature field characteristics and cold-storage performance of the cold-storage box under the influence of the environmental temperature,the thickness of the vacuum insulated panel(VIP),relative positions of the phase-change material(PCM)and VIP,type of PCM,and other parameters were examined.The study revealed that the cold-storage box had strong immunity to variations in the ambient temperature,and the maximum effective cold preservation time can be extended to 29.26 h when assembling the vacuum insulated panels.When the VIPs were placed on the outer layer of the corresponding PCM panels,the effective cold preservation period increased by 54.3%.Four types of organic PCMs with different phase-change temperatures were examined for use in cold-storage boxes.It was determined that 2-octanone with a phase transition temperature of-21.55℃had the optimal performance in terms of cold preservation time,uniformity coefficient,and power consumption.The bottom plate had the greatest impact on the overall cold-storage capacity as evidenced by its 0.454 individual plate factor.