数字化转型背景下高职院校“三教”改革的问题与对策

Problems and Measures in the Reform of“Teachers,Textbooks,and Teaching Methods”in Vocational Colleges under the Background of Digital Transformation

当前互联网、云计算、人工智能等新兴技术正逐步融入产业生产,数字化和智能化已经成为现代产业的发展方向。随着生产规模、生产过程以及组织形式等诸多方面的深刻变革,职业类型和技术技能人才需求也在发生根本性的变化,对高职院校的“三教”改革提出了新要求和新挑战。为加快职业教育与经济社会的适应性,针对高职院校目前“三教”改革存在的专业建设和课程设置滞后产业发展需求,教师职业能力亟待加快提升,新知识、新技术、新工艺融入教材不够,传统教学方法不适应职业教育人才培养等现实问题。文章基于数字化转型背景分析了高职院校“三教”改革的必要性、紧迫性,并从三个层面全面阐述了“三教”改革的具体措施和有效办法,即通过强化人才引进、培训培育和在职提升等制度改革加快教师能力水平提升,以专业改造、课程重构加快教材改革,以构建学习者为中心的教学方法、教学模式和教学评价加快教法改革,实现全方位数字赋能“三教”改革,从而为我国新时代职业教育的改革和发展提供有益的参考。

Currently,emerging technologies such as the Internet,cloud computing,and artificial intelligence are gradually being integrated into industrial production,and digitalization and intelligence have become the development direction of modern industries.With the profound changes in many aspects such as production scale,production process and organizational form,the types of occupations and the demand for technical and skilled talents are also undergoing fundamental changes,which poses new requirements and new challenges to the reform of“Teachers,Textbooks,and Teaching Methods”in vocational colleges.In order to speed up the adaptability of vocational education to the economy and society,in view of the current reform of“Teachers,Textbooks,and Teaching Methods”in vocational colleges,which lag behind industrial development needs in professional construction and curriculum setting,teachers professional abilities need to be accelerated,and new knowledge,new technologies,and new techniques are not successfully integrated into teaching materials,and traditional teaching methods are not suitable for training of vocational education talents.This article analyzes the necessity and urgency of the reform of“Teachers,Textbooks,and Teaching Methods”in vocational colleges under the background of digital transformation,and comprehensively elaborates on the specific measures and effective methods of the reform of“Teachers,Textbooks,and Teaching Methods”from three levels,that is,through strengthening talent introduction and institutional reforms such as training and on-the-job promotion,accelerate the improvement of teachers ability levels;through professional transformation and curriculum reconstruction,accelerate the reform of teaching materials;through building learner-centered teaching methods,teaching models and teaching evaluations,accelerate the reform of teaching methods,in order to realize the all-round reform of“Teachers,Textbooks,and Teaching Methods”by digital technology,thus providing useful reference for the reform and development of vocational education in China.