醉驾入刑定罪量刑标准的调适与完善——以“血液酒精含量+情节”的重塑为进路

The Adjustment and Improvement of Conviction and Sentencing Standards for Drunk Driving——The Remodeling of"Blood Alcohol Content+Circumstance"

醉驾入刑十余年以来,虽然醉驾案件审判质效不断向好,但醉驾案件办理仍存在规则不统一、类案不同判等突出问题。其根由在于醉驾入刑标准与行政处罚标准的同质化、醉驾刑罚正面效应和负面效应的对冲化、司法为弥合对冲时的地方差异化等。通过醉驾行为发生前、发生时、发生后“三分法”来重塑醉驾情节,并确立“血液酒精含量+情节”的醉驾的定罪量刑新思路,可以认为,将醉驾定罪处刑的血液酒精含量下限标准提高至130毫克/100毫升,具有妥当性。

Although the trial quality and efficiency of drunk driving cases have been improving continuously since drunk driving was criminalized more than ten years ago,there are still outstanding problems in handling drunk driving,such as inconsistent rules and different sentences for similar cases.The root causes are the homogenization of drunk driving penalty standards and administrative pen⁃alty standards,the hedging of positive and negative effects of drunk driving penalty,and the local differentiation of judicial measures to bridge the hedge.And we should remold drunk driving through“trichotomy”of before,when and after the occurrence of drunk driving behavior,establish a new idea of"blood alcohol content+circumstances"of drunk driving conviction and sentencing,and it can be con⁃sidered that it is appropriate to raise the minimum blood alcohol content standard of drunk driving conviction and punishment to 130 mg/100 ml.