我国医疗废物监管中的问题及其对策——基于对2012-2022年全国96份行政判决书的分析

Problems and Countermeasures in the Supervision of Medical Waste in China——Based on the Analysis of 96 Judgments from 2012 to 2022 in China

分析涉及医疗废物之行政诉讼案的受诉主体、抗辩理由、处罚金额与败诉率等,发现我国的医疗废物监管体制存在主体不明确、职责定位模糊、监管力度不够、对偏远地区和新型医疗机构产生的医疗废物缺乏监管等问题;对应的解决途径,应为明晰行政机关的监管职责、强化医疗机构和医疗废物处置单位的内部监管、拓宽医疗废物处置的社会共治渠道、建立新型医疗废物管理平台和健全医疗废物行政责任追究机制等。

By analyzing the subject,defense reason,penalty amount and losing rate of administrative litigation involving medical waste,it is found that there are some problems in the supervision system of medical waste in China,such as unclear subject,vague re⁃sponsibility positioning,insufficient supervision,lack of supervision of medical waste produced by remote areas and new medical institu⁃tions.And the solution lies in clarifying the supervision responsibilities of administrative organs,strengthening the internal supervision of medical institutions and medical waste disposal units,broadening the social co-governance channels of medical waste disposal,estab⁃lishing a new medical waste management platform and improving the administrative responsibility investigation mechanism of medical waste.