土地流转、数字普惠金融和城乡收入差距

Land transfer,digital inclusive finance and income gap between urban and rural areas

在土地大规模流转和城乡收入差距居高不下的双重背景下,农村土地流转能否缩小城乡收入差距,以及数字普惠金融在农村土地流转对城乡收入差距的影响中发挥的作用都是亟待深入研究的问题,但是现有研究较少涉及。基于我国2011—2021年30个省级行政区的面板数据,采用门槛回归模型,分析土地流转对城乡收入差距的非线性影响,以及数字普惠金融在其中的作用机理。结果表明:在数字普惠金融的门槛作用下土地流转能够有效缩小城乡收入差距。在以数字普惠金融为门槛的不同门槛区间,随着土地流转程度的提高城乡收入差距均显著缩小,与数字普惠金融指数低于门槛值时相比,当数字普惠金融指数高于门槛值时土地流转对城乡收入差距的减小作用有所加强。基于此,在促进土地流转、拓宽农民增收致富渠道的同时,建议加强数字普惠金融的城乡发展、提高普通农户的农业生产效率,让数字普惠金融的普惠性落实到农村的建设和发展,为助力土地流转和缩小城乡差距发挥作用。

In the dual context of large-scale land transfer and high urban-rural income gap,whether rural land transfer can narrow the urban-rural income gap and what is the role of digital inclusive finance in it are urgent issues that need to be further studied.The threshold effect model was used to analyze the effect of land transfer on the income gap between urban and rural areas and the role of digital inclusive finance based on the panel data of 30 provinces of China from 2011 to 2021.The results show that land transfer can effectively narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas,and that digital inclusive finance plays a positive threshold role.In different threshold ranges with digital inclusive finance as the threshold,the income gap between urban and ru⁃ral areas has narrowed significantly with the increase of the degree of land transfer,and the effect of land transfer on the reduction of the urban-rural income gap has been strengthened when the digital inclusive financial index is higher than the threshold value.Based on this,while promoting land transfer and broadening the channels for farmers to increase income,it is recommended to strengthen the urban and rural development of digital inclusive finance,improve the agricultural production efficiency of ordinary farmers,and implement the inclusiveness of digital inclusive finance in rural construction and development,so as to help the land transfer and narrow the gap between urban and rural areas.