沼液配方肥对梨果实品质和土壤养分的影响

Effect of biogas slurry formula fertilizer on pear fruit quality and soil nutrients

为研究土施沼液配方肥对梨果实品质及土壤养分的影响,以‘黄冠’和‘鸭梨’为试材,设置不同量沼液配施化肥,通过土壤施用沼液配方肥,测定产量、单果重、可溶性总糖含量等果实品质相关指标及土壤营养元素、有机质等土壤养分的相关指标。结果表明:与果园常规施肥相比,T5处理显著提高‘黄冠’的单果重、产量、可溶性固形物含量、可溶性总糖含量,分别提高16.96%、28.25%、11.87%和17.46%,T5处理显著降低‘黄冠’的可滴定酸含量,降低18.18%;T5处理显著提高‘鸭梨’的单果重、产量、可溶性固形物含量、可溶性总糖含量,分别提高12.12%、20.69%、20.41%和15.84%。与果园常规施肥相比,沼液配方肥的全氮、全磷、全钾均有不同程度的提高,T5处理效果最显著,在[0~20)cm土层,分别提高19.47%~26.46%、20.45%~23.81%、25.00%~28.89%;在[20~50] cm土层,分别提高18.08%~26.67%、20.56%~27.24%、9.46%~13.89%。T5处理显著提高土壤碱解氮含量、速效磷含量、速效钾含量、有机质含量,在[0~20]cm土层,分别提高14.57%~24.77%、22.85%~34.06%、17.87%~27.2%、23.95%~36.2%;在[20~50] cm土层,分别提高22.52%~26.5%、15.16%~26.2%、12.6%~33.01%、13.95%~16.04%。综上所述,通过土施沼液配方肥,T5处理更利于提高梨果实品质和土壤养分。

To study the effects of soil application of biogas slurry formula fertilizer on the quality of pear fruits and soil nutrients,‘Huangguan’and‘Yali’were used as test materials,and different amounts of biogas slurry combined with chemical fertilizers were set up.By applying biogas slurry formula fertilizer to the soil,fruit quality related indicators such as yield,single fruit weight,soluble total sugar content,as well as soil nutrient related indicators such as soil nutrient elements and organic matter were measured.The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization in orchards,T5 treatment significantly increased the single fruit weight,yield,soluble solid content,and total soluble sugar content of‘Huangguan’by 16.96%,28.25%,11.87%,and 17.46%,respectively,compared with conventional fertilization in orchards.T5 treatment significantly reduced the titratable acid content of‘Huangguan’by 18.18%;T5 treatment significantly increased the single fruit weight, yield, soluble solid content, and total soluble sugar content of‘Yali’ by 12.12%, 20.69%, 20.40%, and 15.84%, respectively. Biogas slurry formula fertilizer demonstrated varyingdegrees of improvement in total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium. T5 treatment showed the mostsignificant effect, increasing the above indicators by 19.47%-26.46%, 20.45%-23.81%, and 25.00%-28.89% in the0-20 cm soil layer, respectively;In the soil layer of 20-50 cm, they increased by 18.08%-26.67%, 20.56%-27.24%, and9.46%-13.89%, respectively. T5 treatment significantly increased soil alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus, availablepotassium, and organic matter. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, they increased by 14.57%-24.77%, 22.85%-34.06%, 17.87%-27.20%, and 23.95%-36.20%, respectively;In the soil layer of 20-50 cm, they increased by 22.52%-26.50%,15.16%-26.20%,12.60%-33.01%, and 13.95%-16.04%, respectively. In summary, T5 treatment was more conducive toimproving the quality of pear fruit and soil nutrients content through soil application of biogas slurry formula fertilizer.