2018—2021年沈阳市公共场所微生物监测结果分析

Analysis of microbiological monitoring quality in public places in Shenyang,China,2018-2021

目的分析2018—2021年沈阳市公共场所影响公众健康的微生物监测结果。方法按照《公共场所卫生检验方法》(GB/T 18204.3~5-2013),2018—2021年分别对沈阳市美容店、宾馆、沐浴场所、理发店、游泳馆、健身馆、候车室、超市共8类公共场所进行微生物监测,检测项目为细菌总数、真菌总数、大肠菌群、金黄色葡萄球菌、嗜肺军团菌、耐热大肠菌群。依照《公共场所卫生指标及限值要求》(GB 37488-2019)等进行结果判断。结果2018—2021年共监测沈阳市8类公共场所196家,微生物样品7856份,总体合格率为95.93%。其中,室内空气细菌总数和真菌总数合格率分别为89.87%和93.30%。公共卫生用品菌落总数、真菌总数、大肠菌群和金黄色葡萄菌合格率分别为92.26%、90.00%、96.47%和98.65%。公共用水中,宾馆空调冷却塔冷却水嗜肺军团菌、游泳池水和浴池水合格率分别为100%、90.28%和83.33%。结论2018—2021年沈阳市公共场所中超市购物车合格率低,属于公共卫生的薄弱环节,建议应加大监督力度,保障购物安全。

Objective To analyze microbiological monitoring quality in public places from 2018 to 2021 which could affect public health in Shenyang,China.Methods According to the requirements of the Examination Method for Public Places(GB/T 18204.3-5-2013),microbial monitoring was conducted at 8 kinds of public places,including beauty parlours,hotels,bathing places,hair sa-lons,swimming pools,fitness centers,waiting rooms and supermarkets.The test items were total bacterial colonies,total fungi,coli-form,Staphylococcus aureus,Legionella pneumophila,heat-resistant coliform.The results were evaluated according to the Hygienic In-dicators and Limits for Public Places(GB 37488-2019).Results A total of 7856 microbial samples were collected in 196 public places,with qualified rate of 95.93%.The qualified rates of total bacterial colonies and total fungi in indoor air were 89.87%and 93.30%,respectively.The qualified rates of colonies,fungi,coliform and staphylococcus aureus in public articles were 92.26%,90.00%,96.47%and 98.65%,respectively.In the public water,the qualified rates of Legionella pneumophila in the cooling water of the air conditioning cooling tower of hotels,the swimming pool water and the bath water were 100%,90.28%and 83.33%,respec-tively.Conclusion The qualified rate of supermarket shopping carts is low,which is the weak link in public health.It is suggested to improve disinfection of shopping carts,and strengthen supervision so as to ensure the safety of shopping.