有机液体储氢技术催化脱氢过程强化研究进展

Research progress on catalytic dehydrogenation process intensification for liquid organic hydride carrier hydrogen storage

氢能是实现化石能源清洁高效利用和支撑可再生能源大规模发展的理想互联媒介,然而氢的储运是制约氢能规模化应用的关键技术瓶颈。有机氢化物(LOHC)储氢技术具有成本低、储氢密度大、安全稳定等优势,可匹配现有化石能源输运架构,有望在大规模、长距离和分布式的氢储运场景中发挥重要作用。但是,在LOHC储氢循环中,相对于发展较为成熟的加氢技术,LOHC脱氢过程效率低、稳定性差,是制约该技术发展的关键。基于此,本文综述了LOHC储氢技术催化脱氢过程强化的研究进展和发展趋势,概述了LOHC储氢基本概念和催化脱氢反应基本原理,从催化过程强化、产物分离强化、能量效率强化等方面总结了脱氢过程强化策略,通过对比不同技术手段的特点,分析了LOHC储氢技术催化脱氢过程目前亟需解决的难题,即开发高效的脱氢催化剂、提高催化脱氢过程的传热传质效率以及降低脱氢过程能耗,这对LOHC储氢技术的实际应用具有重要的参考和借鉴意义。

Hydrogen energy serves as an ideal intermediary for the clean and efficient utilization of fossil fuels and large-scale development of renewable energy.However,the storage and transportation of hydrogen are the key technical bottlenecks that limit the application of hydrogen energy.Liquid organic hydride carrier(LOHC)hydrogen storage technology,with its advantages of low cost,high hydrogen storage density,and safety,can be integrated into existing fossil fuel transport infrastructure,making it a promising solution for large-scale,long-distance,and distributed hydrogen storage and transportation scenarios.However,compared to more mature hydrogenation technologies,the efficiency and stability of LOHC dehydrogenation process are still not high enough in the storage cycle,which however is crucial for further development of LOHC storage technology.Herein,we provide a comprehensive review of the research progress and development trends in enhancing the catalytic dehydrogenation process for LOHC hydrogen storage technology.The review outlines the fundamental concepts of LOHC hydrogen storage and the principles of catalytic dehydrogenation reactions.It further summarizes the improvement strategies for the catalytic processes,product separation techniques,and energy efficiency.By analyzing the characteristics of different technical approaches,we point out the current challenges in the catalytic dehydrogenation process of LOHC hydrogen storage technology,including the development of dehydrogenation catalysts,enhancement of heat and mass transfer and optimization of energy efficiency,and highlight the research priorities and prospects in the future.