烟草高架仓库多设备耦合火灾预警试验研究

Research on Multi-device Coupling Fire Warning Experiment of High-bay Tobacco Warehouse

通过缩尺寸模型试验研究烟草高架仓库顶棚、端墙、侧墙和货架及货物等形成的特殊遮挡结构微元对火灾早期烟气蔓延规律的影响,结合不同火源位置条件下火灾探测器预警情况,提出6种火灾自动报警系统耦合方案并分析报警有效性。结果表明:火源位于底层时烟气在竖向蔓延过程中紧贴货架及货物侧面,撞击端墙后形成反浮力壁面射流;火源位于顶层时,特殊遮挡结构微元的空腔成为储烟区域,火灾早期未出现反浮力壁面射流。线型感温与吸气式感烟火灾探测器组成的火灾自动报警组合,报警响应时间较短,环境敏感性较低,报警有效性较高。线型感温和图像型火灾探测器组成的报警组合存在探测盲区,环境敏感性高,报警有效性较低。

The effectiveness of the automatic fire alarm system of high-bay tobacco warehouse was studied through the 1/4 scaled model experiment in which the influence of the special shielding structure formed by the ceiling,end wall,side wall,shelves and goods of the high-bay tobacco warehouse on the early-stage smoke spread law of the fire was analyzed,6 automatic fire alarm system coupling schemes were proposed based on the fire detector early warn⁃ing situation under different fire source locations.The results show that when the fire source is located in the bottom layer,the smoke sticks to the shelves and the side of the goods in the vertical spreading process,and forms the antibuoyancy wall jet after hitting the end wall;when the fire source is located on the top floor,the cavity of the special shielding structure becomes the smoke storage area,and there is no anti-buoyancy wall jet in the early stage of the fire.The automatic fire alarm system composed of the inspiratory smoke detector and the linear temperature fire detector has shorter alarm response time,lower environmental sensitivity and higher response effectiveness.The automatic fire alarm system composed of linear temperature detector and image fire detector has detection blind spots,high environmental sensitivity and low response effectiveness.