花菱草作为膳食补充剂的研究进展

The Research Review of California Poppy(Eschscholzia Californica Cham.)as a Food Supplement

花菱草(Eschscholtzia californica Cham.)是一种原产于美国加利福尼亚州和墨西哥北部干旷平原地区的罂粟科年生草本植物,在国内有人工培植作为观赏性植物,但作为药用植物研究较少。其地上部分在欧美国家常作为中枢神经镇静用草药,其提取物也常被作为膳食补充用酊剂或者提取物干粉。其提取物主要的生物活性成分含有三、四级异喹啉生物碱,具有抗焦虑、麻醉、镇静、解痉、镇痛、抗成瘾、抗阿尔茨海默病、抗菌抗病毒等医疗保健功能。本文对花菱草提取物的化学成分、药理学研究、临床研究等进展进行汇总回顾,为使用和开发花菱草作为膳食补充剂提供科学理论依据。

California poppy(Eschscholzia californica Cham.)is a perennial herb of the papaveraceae family,native to the Californian and north Mexican steppes.There is few food supplement scientific research on it in China,but there are artificial cultivations as an ornamental plant in China.In the western countries the aerial parts of california poppy are used as a sedative herb,its extracts normally formulated as food supplement tinctures or dry extract form.A lot of scientific articles suggest the complex mixture of tertiary and quaternary isoquinoline alkaloids as possible biological active ingredients,they present anxiolytic,analgesic,sedative spasmolytic,antinociceptive,antisenile dementia,anti-microbial,antiviral and assist to beat opioid addiction functions.The chemical composition researches,pharmacological researches,clinical researches of extracts of california poppy were reviewed in this article in order to provide the scientific information,and improve the research and development of california poppy as a food supplement in China.