露天台阶爆破技术的研究现状和展望

Research status and prospects of open-pit bench blasting technology

本文主要从台阶爆破、凿岩设备和炸药种类的发展对台阶爆破的背景及发展进行了介绍;通过岩石的破碎机理的理论发展介绍了炸药爆炸后释放的能量使岩石破碎的过程,台阶爆破采用钻孔装药的爆破手段,其中装药结构为柱状药包,其起爆方式和装药结构对岩石破碎和抛掷有重要影响。本文还介绍了目前应用广泛的各种爆破技术,不同的工程要求和爆破环境应选择不同的爆破技术,在实际的工程应用中往往将各种爆破技术结合使用,来更好的实现爆破作业要求。随着人工智能、无线信号网络等技术的发展,爆破技术进入更加智能化的发展,爆破智能化技术在提高爆破效果、施工安全性和效率的同时,也能减少对环境的影响,为工程的可持续发展提供支持。

This article mainly introduces the background and development of step blasting from the development of step blasting,rock drilling equipment,and types of explosives;The theoretical development of rock fragmentation mechanism introduces the process of rock fragmentation caused by the energy released after explosive explosion.Bench blasting adopts the blasting method of drilling and charging,where the charging structure is a cylindrical charge.The initiation method and charging structure have an important impact on rock fragmentation and throwing.This article also introduces various widely used blasting techniques,and different engineering requirements and blasting environments should choose different blasting techniques.In practical engineering applications,various blasting techniques are often combined to better achieve blasting operation requirements.With the development of technologies such as artificial intelligence and wireless signal networks,blasting technology has entered a more intelligent stage.While improving blasting effectiveness,construction safety,and efficiency,intelligent blasting technology can also reduce its impact on the environment and provide support for the sustainable development of engineering.