近10年中国成年女性压力性尿失禁患病率及影响因素的Meta分析

Prevalence and Influencing factors for stress urinary incontinence in Chinese adult women within the past 10 years:A Meta-analysis

目的对近10年中国成年女性压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)的患病率及影响因素进行Meta分析,以期为SUI的预防提供参考依据。方法计算机检索数据库包括中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、Embase,检索时间段为2013-01-01—2023-08-01,收集近10年国内关于女性SUI的横断面研究,由2名经专业培训的研究者对文献进行严格筛选、资料提取以及质量评价后,采用StataMP 17.0进行Meta分析。结果共纳入20篇文献,包括13209名SUI患者。Meta分析结果显示,近10年我国成年女性SUI总发患率为23.2%[95%CI(19.6,26.8)]。亚组分析结果显示,2010—2015年和2016—2020年我国女性SUI患病率分别为19.9%[95%CI(16.7,23.2)]、28.1%[95%CI(20.1,36.0)];城镇、农村女性SUI患病率分别为21.5%[95%CI(17.3,25.8)]、30.5%[95%CI(18.9,42.1)];南方、北方女性SUI患病率分别为20.6%[95%CI(16.1,25.1)]、27.1%[95%CI(23.1,31.0)];SUI患病率随年龄增高而增加,在50~59岁达到高峰值34.7%[95%CI(28.2,41.2)]。影响因素效应量合并值如下:体力劳动[OR=1.63,95%CI(1.28,2.06)]、便秘[OR=1.45,95%CI(1.31,1.61)]、高血压[OR=1.63,95%CI(1.08,2.46)]、糖尿病[OR=1.48,95%CI(0.48,4.57)]、绝经[OR=1.67,95%CI(1.31,2.11)]、有分娩史[OR=2.17,95%CI(1.68,2.81)]、产次≥2次[OR=1.17,95%CI(1.06,1.29)]、经阴道分娩[OR=1.90,95%CI(1.22,2.87)]、尿路感染史[OR=1.49,95%CI(1.34,1.64)]、盆腔手术史[OR=1.54,95%CI(0.87,2.73)]、吸烟[OR=1.47,95%CI(0.90,2.38)]、饮酒[OR=1.04,95%CI(0.83,1.30)]。结论我国成年女性SUI患病率较高,不同人群患病率存在差异,受多种因素影响,需引起重视。

Objective To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors for stress urinary incontinence(SUI)among Chinese adult women within the past 10 years through meta-analysis,thus providing references for the prevention of SUI.Methods Cross-sectional studies on SUI among Chinese adult women published from 1st January 2013 to 1st August 2023 were searched in the CNKI,Wangfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Web of Science,The Cochrane Library,and Embase.Literature screening,data extraction and quality evaluation were independently performed by two professionally trained researchers.StataMP 17.0 was used for Meta-analysis.Results A total of 20 articles were included,involving 13209 SUI patients.The Meta-analysis results showed that the total incidence rate of SUI among Chinese adult women within the past 10 years was 23.2%(95%CI[19.6,26.8]).Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of SUI in Chinese women from 2010 to 2015 and from 2016 to 2020 was 19.9%(95%CI[16.7,23.2]and 28.1%)95%CI[20.1,36.0],respectively.The prevalence of SUI among urban and rural women was 21.5%(95%CI[17.3,25.8])and 30.5%(95%CI[18.9,42.1]),respectively.The prevalence of SUI in Chinese women from southern and northern areas was 20.6%(95%CI[16.1,25.1])and 27.1%(95%CI[23.1,31.0]),respectively.The incidence of SUI increased with age,reaching a peak of 34.7%in the population of 50-59 years of age(95%CI[28.2,41.2]).The combined values of the influencing factors and effects were as follows:physical labor(OR=1.63,95%CI[1.28,2.06]),constipation(OR=1.45,95%CI[1.31,1.61]),hypertension(OR=1.63,95%CI[1.08,2.46]),diabetes(OR=1.48,95%CI[0.48,4.57]),menopause(OR=1.67,95%CI[1.31,2.11]),history of childbirth(OR=2.17,95%CI[1.68,2.81]),parity≥2 times(OR=1.17,95%CI[1.06,1.29]),transvaginal delivery(OR=1.90,95%CI[1.22,2.87]),history of urinary tract infection(OR=1.49,95%CI[1.34,1.64]),history of pelvic surgery(OR=1.54,95%CI[0.87,2.73]),smoking(OR=1.47,95%CI[0.90,2.38]),and alcohol consumption(OR=1.04,95%CI[0.83,1.30]).Conclusion The prevalence of SUI among adult women in China is relatively high,and varied among different populations.It is influenced by various factors that needs to be taken seriously.