中医文化视域下运动处方的理念演变及局限

Concept evolution and limitation of exercise prescription from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine culture

中医文化中的运动防治疾病理念自原始社会便已经开始萌芽,随着中医学理论实践的不断完善而逐步系统化,逐渐形成了以中医文化为基石的“辨体施动”特色运动医学概念。萌芽时期的中医“运动”以治疗为主,随着中医运动疗法的不断发展,目前已经形成了从“治疗、预防、健身、康复”多方位维护人体身体健康的医疗方式。与此同时,源于古籍的“法于阴阳”“形与神俱”“动以养身”等等中医运动处方原则也在不断完善中医运动疗法体系。而随着现代运动理念的融入,体医融合的趋势更加明显,中医运动处方也开始融入现代运动医学的运动要素概念,使其更加趋于系统性、规范性、合理性。然而,目前中医运动处方依旧还存在理法体系验证不完善、处方要素界定模糊、定量研究限制较多以及特色优势不明显等局限性,但是随着其不断完善,它将会成为现代运动处方体系的重要组成部分,并且具有更为广泛而有效的实际应用价值。

The concept of sports prevention and treatment of diseases in traditional Chinese medicine culture has begun to sprout since the primitive society.With the continuous improvement of traditional Chinese medicine theory and practice,it has gradually systematized,and gradually formed a special sports medicine concept of"distinguishing body and exercising movement"based on traditional Chinese medicine culture.With the continuous development of TCM sports therapy,it has formed a multi-dimensional medical way to maintain human health from"treatment,prevention,fitness and rehabilitation".At the same time,the traditional Chinese medicine exercise prescription principles of"learning in Yin and Yang","combining form and spirit"and"moving to nourish the body"from ancient books are also constantly improving the traditional Chinese medicine exercise therapy system.With the integration of modern sports concepts,the trend of physical medicine integration is more obvious,and TCM sports prescription has also begun to integrate the concept of sports elements in modern sports medicine,making it more systematic,normative and rational.However,at present,TCM exercise prescription still has some limitations,such as imperfect verification of the legal system,vague definition of prescription elements,more quantitative research restrictions,and not obvious characteristic advantages.However,with its continuous improvement,it will become an important part of the modern exercise prescription system and have more extensive and effective practical application value.