摘要
目的 探寻儿童麻疹合并肺炎的临床特征,为儿童麻疹患者的诊疗提供参考。方法 采用回顾性研究的方法,收集2010年6月至2022年6月首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院第一诊断为麻疹的0~18岁麻疹儿童的临床资料,包括人口学资料、麻疹感染情况和实验室结果,根据是否合并肺炎,将患儿分为肺炎组及非肺炎组,并将其临床资料进行分析总结。结果 671例儿童麻疹患者,合并肺炎601例,好发于男性,较少合并并发症,临床表现以发热、咳嗽、皮疹为主。肺炎组发病年龄低于非肺炎组,总体既往病史比例高于非肺炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组咳嗽、柯氏斑、并发症总发生率、胃肠炎比例比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肺炎组白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、C反应蛋白、肌酐的中位数指标高于非肺炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肺炎组使用抗生素的比例高于非肺炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肺炎组使用抗病毒药物的比例低于非肺炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肺炎组住院天数长于非肺炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 肺炎是麻疹的主要并发症,儿童麻疹患者合并肺炎的临床表现相对于未合并的更加严重,掌握麻疹合并肺炎的临床表现及实验室检查检查结果,有助于判断预后,为正确治疗提供指导。
Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of measles complicated with pneumonia in children and to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of children with measles.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to collect the clinical data,including demographic data,measles infection,and laboratory results,of 0-18 year old children with measles who were first diagnosed with measles in Beijing Youan Hospital,Capital Medical University from June 2010 to June 2022.The children were divided into pneumonia group and non-pneumonia group according to whether they were complicated with pneumonia.The clinical data were analyzed and summarized.Results Among 671 children with measles,a total of 601 cases were complicated with pneumonia,most of them were male,and few complications were complicated.The clinical manifestations were fever,cough,and rash.The age of onset in the pneumonia group was lower than that in the non-pneumonia group,and the proportion of previous history was higher than that in the non-pneumonia group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the proportion of cough,Collinia spot,total complication rate,and gastroenteritis between the two groups(P<0.05).The median indexes of white blood cell count,neutrophil count,C-reactive protein,and creatinine in pneumonia group were higher than those in non-pneumonia group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of antibiotics used in pneumonia group was higher than that in non-pneumonia group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of antiviral drugs used in pneumonia group was lower than that in non-pneumonia group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The hospitalization days in the pneumonia group were longer than that in the non-pneumonia group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Pneumonia is the main complication of measles,and the clinical manifestations of children with measles complicated with pneumonia are more serious than those without measles complicated with pneumonia.Understanding the clinical manifestations and laboratory examination results of measles complicated with pneumonia is helpful to judge the prognosis and provide guidance for correct treatment.
作者
王禹
王斯同
蔡妙甜
张志丽
张玉林
WANG Yu;WANG Sitong;CAI Miaotian;ZHANG Zhili;ZHANG Yulin(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Capital Medical University,Beijing Youan Hospital,Beijing 100069,China)
出处
《中国医药导报》
CAS
2023年第35期70-73,共4页
China Medical Herald
基金
北京市自然科学基金资助项目(7222095)。
关键词
儿童
麻疹
肺炎
临床表现
Children
Measles
Pneumonia
Clinical manifestations