基于扎根理论预防老年人再次跌倒应对模式的研究

Study on Coping Mode of Preventing Re-Falls in Elderly Based on Grounded Theory

目的:研究基于扎根理论预防老年人再次跌倒的应对模式。方法:以扎根理论为研究方法,对18例<1年发生再次跌倒的老年人进行半结构访谈,通过三级编码,提炼构建老年人对预防跌倒措施的应对模式。结果:提炼出跌倒态度、个人意识、风险识别、行为改变、环境因素、社会支持6个主范畴,确立态度、意识、行为3个核心范畴,形成预防跌倒应对模式的基本模型框架。结论:老年人对待跌倒的态度、意识和行为相互影响,制定跌倒预防方案应注重个人和自我效能等感知因素的改善,全面分析致跌的风险因素。

Objective:To explore the coping mode of preventing the re-falls in the elderly based on grounded theory.Methods:The grounded theory was used as research method and semi-structured interviews were conducted among 18 elderly people who fell again within one year.The elderly's coping mode for fall prevention measures was refined and constructed through three-level coding.Results:Six main dimension were refined,including fall attitude,personal awareness,risk identification,behavior change,environmental factors,and social support.Three core dimensions were determined,including attitude,awareness,and behavior.The basis model frame of coping mode for fall prevention was formed.Conclusion:The attitude,awareness,and behavior of the elderly towards falls are interacted.The formulation of fall prevention schemes should consider the improvement of perceiving factors such as personal and self-efficiency,and comprehensively analyze the risk factors of falls.