结合解剖学论证肾脏是糖尿病的惟一发病部位

Discussion on the Kidney as the Only Site of Diabetes Combined with Anatomy

糖尿病是一种由多种病因引起的以慢性高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病,属中医学“消渴病”的范畴,其发病部位以往被划分为肺、脾、肾三脏,即以口渴多饮为主要表现的“上消”、以消谷善饥为主要表现的“中消”,以及以小便频数为主要表现的“下消”。这种划分方式更倾向于症状上的脏腑划分,而缺少疾病本身脏腑归属。文章通过阐述“肾藏精”和“肾主气化”的功能,以及论证其分别对应现代医学中的解剖结构及“体液调节系统”和“同化异化系统”,并依据糖尿病的发病机制来阐明肾脏是糖尿病的惟一发病部位。

Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia caused by multiple etiologies.It belongs to the cat-egory of“consumptive thirst”in traditional Chinese medicine.Its disease site is divided into lung,spleen and kidney,that is,the“up-per jiao”which is mainly manifested by thirst and drink,the“middle jiao”which is mainly manifested by eliminating grain and hun-ger,and the“lower jiao”which is mainly manifested by the frequency of urination.This division is more inclined to the classification of the viscera in terms of symptoms,and lacks the attribution of the viscera of the disease itself.This paper expounded the functions of“kidney storing essence”and“kidney controlling qi”,which are the components of“kidney storing essence”and“kidney controlling qi”,as well as their corresponding anatomical structures and“humoral regulation system”and“assimilation and dissimilation system”in modern medicine.According to the pathogenesis of diabetes,this paper discussed that the kidney is the only site of diabetes.