虚拟现实技术对自然分娩初产妇分娩疼痛分娩焦虑及产后乳汁分泌的影响

Effect of virtual reality technology on labor pain,labor anxiety,and postpartum milk secretion of primiparas in natural delivery

目的探讨虚拟现实技术对自然分娩初产妇分娩疼痛、分娩焦虑及产后乳汁分泌的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将2021年6月—2022年12月在温州医科大学附属第二医院自然分娩的350例初产妇分为对照组与观察组,每组175例。对照组采取常规护理措施,观察组在常规护理措施基础上加用虚拟现实技术干预。采用简版McGill疼痛问卷(SF-MPQ)评价初产妇的分娩疼痛情况,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)评价初产妇的分娩焦虑情况,观察产后乳汁分泌情况(泌乳时间、48 h泌乳量充足率)。结果宫口开10 cm时,两组疼痛分级指数、疼痛视觉模拟评分、现实疼痛强度评分比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。与宫口开10 cm时比较,分娩后1 h两组疼痛分级指数、疼痛视觉模拟评分、现实疼痛强度评分均明显降低,观察组的疼痛分级指数[(13.45±1.27)分vs.(21.60±3.79)分]、疼痛视觉模拟评分[(3.13±0.84)分vs.(5.61±0.75)分]、现实疼痛强度评分[(0.87±0.24)分vs.(2.06±0.57)分]明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。入院时,两组SAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与入院时比较,分娩后1 h两组SAS评分明显降低,观察组的SAS评分[(45.20±3.17)分]明显低于对照组[(53.82±5.34)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的泌乳时间为(29.80±4.33)h,明显短于对照组的(37.25±6.41)h,48 h泌乳量充足率为94.29%,明显高于对照组的87.43%,差异均有统计学意义(t=6.284,χ^(2)=8.297,均P<0.05)。结论虚拟现实技术可显著减轻自然分娩初产妇的分娩疼痛,缓解分娩焦虑,改善产后乳汁分泌情况。

Objective To explore the effect of virtual reality technology on labor pain,labor anxiety,and postpartum milk secretion of primiparas in natural delivery.Methods According to random number table method,350 primiparas who delivered naturally in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from June 2021 to December 2022 were divided into control group and observation group,175 cases in each group.The primiparas in control group were given routine nursing measures,the primiparas in observation group were given virtual reality technology based on routine nursing measures.Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire(SF-MPQ)was used to evaluate labor pain of primiparas,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)was used to evaluate labor anxiety of primiparas,and the postpartum milk secretion(lactation time,lactation volume adequacy rate within 48 hours)was observed.Results When the uterine orifice was opened 10 cm,there was no statistically significant difference in pain rating index,pain visual analogue score,and present pain intensity score between the two groups(P>0.05).Compared with when the uterine orifice was opened 10 cm,pain rating indexes,pain visual analogue scores,and present pain intensity scores at one hour after delivery in the two groups decreased significantly,pain rating index[(13.45±1.27)vs.(21.60±3.79)],pain visual analogue score[(3.13±0.84)vs.(5.61±0.75)],and present pain intensity score[(0.87±0.24)vs.(2.06±0.57)]in observation group were statistically significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in SAS score on admission between the two groups(P>0.05).Compared with SAS score on admission,SAS scores at one hour after delivery in the two groups decreased,SAS score in observation group(45.20±3.17)was lower than that in control group(53.82±5.34),there was statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The lactation time in observation group was(29.80±4.33)hours,which was shorter than that in control group[(37.25±6.41)hours],the lactation volume adequacy rate within 48 hours in observation group was 94.29%,which was higher than that in control group(87.43%),there were statistically significant differences(t=6.284,χ^(2)=8.297,P<0.05).Conclusion Virtual reality technology can significantly reduce labor pain,relieve labor anxiety,and improve postpartum milk secretion in primiparas in natural delivery.