基于可视化网络分析治疗小儿癫痫古方的用药特点与配伍规律

Analysis on the medication characteristics and compatibility law of ancient prescriptions in the treatment of pediatric epilepsy based on visual network analysis

目的通过数据挖掘分析治疗小儿癫痫古方的用药特点,总结用药配伍规律,为临床对癫痫的中药治疗选择与相关成药开发提供参考。方法从中国中医科学院中医药信息研究所的中医方剂数据库中筛选治疗小儿癫痫的古方。采用Excel 2013对纳入方剂中的中药及其性味归经进行频次分析;采用R 3.6.3的arules包,基于Apriori算法进行关联分析;采用R 3.6.3的sankey包及ggraph包绘制高频中药的性味归经所属及关联规则相关网络,实现数据可视化。结果共纳入处方360首,剂型以丸剂为主;处方多由1~10味中药组成,共192首(53.33%,192/360);共涉及中药152味,使用较多的中药有甘草、麝香、防风、天麻、附子。高频用药(频次≥30)药性以温、平为主;药味以辛、苦、甘为主;归经以归脾、肝经为主。关联分析结果显示,常用的二联用药有牛黄-麝香、人参-茯苓、防风-甘草;常用的三联用药有天麻-附子-僵蚕、茯苓-甘草-人参、麝香-牛黄-雄黄。结论治疗小儿癫痫的古方以平肝息风药、开窍药和补益药为主,核心组方思路主要为化痰息风、温经通阳、开窍止痉、清热开郁和益气和血。

Objective To analyze the medication characteristics of ancient prescriptions for pediatric epilepsy(PE)through data mining;To summarize the compatibility law;To provide a reference for the treatment selection of Chinese materia medica and the development of patent drugs related to PE in clinic.Methods Those with definite composition,dosage and efficacy for the treatment of PE was screened from the data of TCM prescription designed by Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Information,China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Excel 2013 was used to analyze the frequency of Chinese materia medica and its flavor and meridian tropism in the included prescriptions.The arules package in R 3.6.3 was used for association analysis based on Apriori algorithm.The sankey package and ggraph package of R 3.6.3 were used to draw the network diagram of the property,taste,meridian tropism and association rules of high-frequency Chinese medicine,so as to realize data visualization.Resultss A total of 360 ancient prescriptions for the treatment of PE were included,and the dosage form was mainly pills.Most of the prescriptions were composed of 1 to 10 kinds of Chinese materia medica,with a total of 192(53.33%,192/360)prescriptions.152 kinds of Chinese materia medica were included.The most commonly used types of Chinese materia medica were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Moschus,Saposhnikoviae Radix,Gastrodiae Rhizoma,and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata.The properties of high-frequency Chinese materia medica(frequency>30)were characterized by warm and mild,and the tastes were mainly pungent,bitter and sweet,and the meridians were mainly spleen and liver meridians.Through Apriori association analysis,the commonly used combination drugs were Bovis Calculus-Moschus,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Poria and Saposheikovize Radix-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.Similarly,the commonly used triple drugs included Gastrodiae Rhizoma-Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Bombyx Batryticatus,Poria-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,and Moschus-Bovis Calculus-Realgar Conclusions The ancient prescriptions for the treatment of PE is mainly composed of wind-calming,resuscitation and tonifying drug.The core prescription ideas of the ancient prescriptions are as follows:dispelling phlegm and dispelling wind,warming the meridian and dispelling yang,resuscitating and relieving spasms,clearing heat and reducing depression,and tonifying qi and blood.