肿瘤相关巨噬细胞在胃癌微环境中的作用

Role of tumor-associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment of gastric cancer

肿瘤微环境(TME)是肿瘤细胞及其周围的非肿瘤细胞和基质成分构成的复杂生态系统,包括免疫细胞、成纤维细胞和细胞外基质等多种成分.其中,肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(TAMs)是TME中的重要成分.TAMs是在TME中浸润并且聚集在恶性肿瘤细胞周围的巨噬细胞,是TME中最为重要的组成细胞之一,在肿瘤发生发展中发挥重要作用.TAMs可通过分泌细胞因子和外泌体等与TME中的其他细胞相互作用,导致免疫抑制型TME,促进肿瘤细胞增殖转移.文章重点讨论TAMs在胃癌TME中的生物学特征、在胃癌侵袭和转移中的作用、免疫耐药机制以及与其他细胞间的相互作用,以期为实现针对TAMs的胃癌靶向治疗提供思路.

Tumor microenvironment(TME)is a complex ecosystem composed of tumor cells and a series of non-tumor cells and non-cellular matrixs around them,including immune cells,fibroblasts,extracellular matrix,etc.Among them,tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)are important components in TME.TAMs are macrophages infiltrated in the TME and gathered around malignant tumor cells.TAMs are regarded as one of the most important components in the TME,play a significant role in the development of tumor.TAMs interact with other cells in the TME through the secretion of cytokines and exosomes,which leads to an immunosuppressive TME and promotes tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.This review concentrates on the biological characteristics,the roles of invasion and metastasis,the mechanisms of immunoresistance,and the interactions between other cells and TAMs in the TME of gastric cancer,with a view to providing ideas for the realization of targeted therapy against TAMs.