传统文化的异域转生——中医药典籍在法国的译介研究

The Overseas Reincarnation of Traditional Culture:A Case Study of French Translation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classics

法国是欧洲中医教育与研究的中心。其中医典籍翻译历程大致可分为三个阶段:原始资料搜集与典籍片段翻译(17-19世纪)、翻译作为研究的辅助(20世纪初至60年代)、回归传统与典籍(70年代至今)。本文以翻译为切入点,梳理中医药典籍在法国的传播历史,厘清影响译介的主客观因素,以描述其“以应用为导向,研究反推翻译”的发展脉络。由此我们认识到,中医药作为中国传统文化,具有普世意义。对它的研究已不再属于中国学术本身,而应该在更加开阔的学术视野对中医药文化展开研究与探索。

France's status as Europe's hub for the education and research of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been established and sustained with its long history of Chinese-French translation of TCM classics.This translational history can be roughly divided into three phases of development:the collection and partial rendition of original materials from the 17th to the 19th century;the TCM research-serving translation from the early 20th century to the 1960s;and a refocusing on the TCM classics and the medical tradition they embody from the 1970s to the present.Identifying the subjective and objective factors that help to shape up the developmental trajectory of such an"application-oriented,research-driven project,"and throwing light on the universal significance TCM enjoys as a component of traditional Chinese culture,this paper stresses the need to re-set the study of TCM's cultural dimension within a context broader than that of Chinese academia alone.