异质性研发投入如何影响区域经济增长——条件、空间效应与机制分析

How do Heterogeneous R&D Investments Affect Regional Economic Growth——Condition,Spatial Effect and Mechanism Analysis

在创新驱动发展战略的背景下,厘清异质性研发(R&D)投入对区域经济增长的不同影响及其特征具有重大意义。本文使用综合永续盘存法测算出1998—2020年省级异质性R&D资本存量,并实证分析了科学研究与技术开发两类R&D投入影响区域经济增长的门槛效应、空间效应和作用机制。研究发现:(1)科学研究和技术开发在促进区域经济增长的过程中均存在着“阶梯式上升”的门槛效应特点,且该门槛条件与区域消化吸收能力相关。(2)技术开发具有显著的正向空间溢出效应,但科学研究的空间溢出效应不显著。(3)科学研究和技术开发均可通过人力资本效应、效率提升效应促进区域经济增长;而相较于技术开发,科学研究较难通过消费需求效应促进经济增长。本文基于异质性R&D投入的角度,为推动区域创新协调发展、提升科技进步贡献率和实施创新驱动发展战略提供了政策建议。

In the context of innovation-driven development strategy,it is of great significance to clarify the characteristics of heterogeneous R&D investment and its different effects on regional economic growth.This paper uses the comprehensive perpetual inventory method to calculate the provincial heterogeneous R&D capital stock from 1998 to 2020,and empirically analyzes the conditions,spatial effects and mechanisms of scientific research and technology development affecting regional economic growth.The results show that:(1)scientific research and technological development have the characteristics of"step-up"threshold effect in the process of promoting regional economic growth,and the threshold condition is related to the regional digestion and absorption capacity;(2)technology development has a significant positive spatial spillover effect,but the spatial spillover effect of scientific research is not significant;and(3)both scientific research and technological development can promote regional economic growth through the effect of human capital and efficiency improvement.Compared with technological development,scientific research makes it more difficult to promote economic growth through the effect of consumer demand.From the perspective of heterogeneous R&D investment,this paper provides policy recommendation for promoting the coordinated development of regional innovation,improving the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress,and implementing the innovation-driven development strategy.