中国10个地区中老年人尿失禁的描述性分析

Prevalence of urinary incontinence in middle-aged and elderly adults in 10 areas in China

目的描述中国10个地区中老年人尿失禁患病率的人群和地区分布特征。方法对完成中国慢性病前瞻性研究项目2020-2021年第三次重复调查的24913名45~95岁的研究对象进行分析。通过调查员面对面询问了解研究对象发生尿失禁的情况,进一步区分单纯压力性尿失禁、单纯急迫性尿失禁和混合性尿失禁。分性别、年龄、地区等特征报告尿失禁及其亚型的患病率,并描述患者严重程度和接受治疗情况。结果研究对象年龄为(65.4±9.1)岁。以2020年第七次全国人口普查数据进行年龄标化后,女性自报尿失禁标化患病率为25.4%,男性为7.0%。男性中单纯压力性尿失禁、单纯急迫性尿失禁和混合性尿失禁的标化患病率依次为1.7%、4.2%和1.2%,女性中对应的标化患病率依次为13.5%、5.8%和6.1%。男性尿失禁及各种亚型的患病率、女性尿失禁及除单纯压力性尿失禁以外的各亚型患病率均随年龄增长而升高(P<0.001)。调整年龄后,农村男、女性尿失禁患病率均高于城市(P<0.001)。男性和女性尿失禁患者自报接受治疗率分别为15.4%和8.5%。结论我国中老年人群的尿失禁患病率较高,且女性高于男性,而尿失禁患者的治疗率较低。

Objective To describe the population and area distribution differences in the prevalence of urinary incontinence in middle-aged and elderly adults in 10 areas in China.Methods A total of 24913 participants aged 45-95 years who completed the third resurvey of China Kadoorie Biobank during 2020-2021 were included.The prevalence of urinary incontinence was assessed by an interviewer-administered questionnaire,and urinary incontinence was classified as only stress urinary incontinence,only urgency urinary incontinence and mixed urinary incontinence.The prevalence of urinary incontinence and its subtypes were reported by sex,age and area,and the severity of urinary incontinence and treatment were described.Results The average age of the participants was(65.4±9.1)years.According to the seventh national census data in 2020,the age-standardized prevalence rates of urinary incontinence was 25.4%in women and 7.0%in men.The age-standardized prevalence rates of only stress,only urgency and mixed incontinence were 1.7%,4.2%and 1.2%in men and 13.5%,5.8%and 6.1%in women,respectively.The prevalence rates of urinary incontinence and all subtypes in men and the prevalence of urinary incontinence and all subtypes except only stress urinary incontinence in women all increased with age(P<0.001).After adjusting for age,the prevalence of urinary incontinence in both men and women were higher in rural area than in urban area(P<0.001).The treatment rates in men and women with urinary incontinence were 15.4%and 8.5%,respectively.Conclusions The prevalence of urinary incontinence was high in middle-aged and elderly adults in China,and the prevalence rate was higher in women than in men,but the treatment rate of urinary incontinence was low.