不同蛋白饲料原料的营养价值比较分析

Comparative analysis of nutritional value of different protein feed materials

试验为比较分析不同蛋白饲料原料的营养价值,采集10种来自不同肉牛养殖场的蛋白质饲料(豆粕、棕榈粕、棉籽粕、味精渣、芝麻饼粕、葵花粕、玉米酒精糟、牡丹籽粕、啤酒糟和豆渣),每种饲料3个重复,测定分析碳水化合物组分、蛋白质组分、氨基酸组成和预测能值指标。结果显示,豆渣的总碳水化合物(CHO)含量最高,为73.78%,其次为牡丹籽粕(66.76%)和棕榈粕(65.89%)。味精渣和豆粕的非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量较高,而不可降解碳水化合物(CC)含量较低。味精渣、豆粕、芝麻饼粕和棉籽粕的粗蛋白(CP)含量较高,均在50%以上且显著高于其他原料(P<0.05)。味精渣和牡丹籽粕的非蛋白氮(PA)含量和快速降解真蛋白质(PB_(1))含量显著高于其他原料(P<0.05)。豆粕、味精渣和棉籽粕的氨基酸组成相近,必需氨基酸(EAA)含量和赖氨酸(Lys)含量高于其他原料(P<0.05)。玉米酒精糟、味精渣、牡丹籽粕和芝麻饼粕的总可消化养分(TDN)含量较高且均大于80%,增重净能(NE_(g))和泌乳净能(NE_(L))与TDN有相同的变化趋势。研究表明,不同蛋白质饲料的营养成分含量存在较大差异,综合考虑蛋白质组分和预测能值指标,味精渣、棉籽粕和芝麻饼粕的营养价值与豆粕相当,可作为替代豆粕的饲料原料。

The study was conducted to compare and analyze the nutritional value of different protein feed materials.Ten kinds of protein feeds(soybean meal,palm meal,cottonseed meal,monosodium glutamate meal,sesame cake meal,sunflower meal,distillers dried grains with solubles,peony seed meal,beer grains,and soybean residue)were collected from beef cattle farms with three replicates for each feed.The carbohydrate composition,protein composition,amino acid composition,and predicted em-value indexes were determined and analyzed.The results showed that the CHO content of soybean residue was the highest(73.78%),followed by peony seed meal(66.76%)and palm meal(65.89%).The NSC content of monosodium glutamate residue and soybean meal was higher,while the CC content was lower.The CP content of monosodium glutamate residue,soybean meal,sesame cake,and cottonseed meal was higher than 50%,significantly higher than other materials(P<0.05).The PA content and PB_(1) content of monosodium glutamate residue and peony seed meal were significantly higher than other materials(P<0.05).The EAA and Lys contentrations of soybean meal,monosodium glutamate residue,and cottonseed meal were higher than other materials(P<0.05).The TDN content of corn alcohol grains,monosodium glutamate residue,peony seed meal,and sesame cake meal was higher than 80%.NE_(g) and NE_(L) showed the same trend as TDN.The study indicates that the nutritional content of different protein feed materials is significantly different.Considering the protein components and energy value,the nutritional value of monosodium glutamate residue,cottonseed meal,and sesame cake are equivalent to that of soybean meal,and they have obvious advantages to replacing soybean meal in production.