美国《家校合作国家标准》的内容、特征与启示

Contents,Characteristics,and Implications of the National Standards for Family-School Partnerships in the USA

家校合作标准的建设是健全学校家庭社会育人机制的关键一环。美国家长教师协会是全美规模最大的志愿性儿童权益保护组织,该组织出台的《家校合作国家标准》是评估家校合作质量的有力抓手。该标准在迭代变更中呈现出循证、对话、赋能、全纳四种特征。借鉴美国《家校合作国家标准》的建设经验,我国应明确家校合作质量标准设立的重要性,提升协同育人质量评估本土化、科学化水平,构建对话式家校的合作样态,促进家校合作的公平化发展。

The construction of the standards for family-school partnerships is a key part of a sound school-family-community cooperative education mechanism.The National Standards for Family-School Partnerships issued by the National Parent-Teacher Association,the largest voluntary child advocacy organization in the USA,served as a powerful tool for assessing the quality of family-school partnerships.The standards have been iteratively changed to show four characteristics:evidence-based,dialogic,empowering,and inclusive.Drawing on the construction experience of the National Standards for Family-School Partnerships in the USA,China should clarify the importance of the establishment of quality standards for family-school partnerships;enhance the localization and scientificization of collaborative parenting quality assessment;build a dialogic family-school partnership model;and promote the equitable development of family-school partnerships.