社会比较视角下农民参与乡村振兴激励失灵的生成解释——基于S省M市六个区县的案例研究

Explanation on Incentive Failure of Farmers'Participation in Rural Revitalization from the Perspective of Social Comparison:Case study on Six Counties in City M,S Province

全面推进乡村振兴离不开农民主体参与,如何不断激励农民积极性、创造性,以形成乡村振兴内驱力成为研究关注点。社会比较具有普遍性,从农民个体纵向比较与村内、村间、城乡间横向比较等视角分析农民参与乡村振兴激励力生成过程,有助于更好地诊断乡村振兴激励状况。S省M市六个区县积极推进乡村振兴战略,也注重发挥农民参与乡村振兴的激励作用。但基于社会比较理论,其激励也存在一定失灵问题:价值能力与价值欲望不匹配致使激励不充足,乡村振兴共享性不足导致激励不充分,乡村间发展非均衡性使得激励效果参差,城乡发展差距带来农民留用的激励不持续。未来,为更好激励农民参与,需注重乡村振兴的发展性、公平性和均衡性。

The comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization is inseparable from the participation of farmers.And how to stimulate the enthusiasm and creativity of farmers to form the internal driving force of rural revitalization has become a research focus.Social comparison is universal.Analyzing the generation process of farmers'incentive force from the perspectives of individual vertical comparison,intra-village,inter-village and urban-rural horizontal comparison is helpful to better diagnose the incentive situation of rural revitalization.the rural revitalization strategy is actively implemented in six counties in City M,S Province with attention to the incentive force of farmers'participation in rural revitalization.However,based on the theory of social comparison,some problems of failure in the incentive also exist:the mismatch between value ability and value desire resulting insufficient incentive of farmers;the lack of intra-village sharing mechanism leading to insufficient incentive;the uneven effect of incentive caused by the uneven inter-village development;and the incentive of farmers'retention in rural revitalization is not sustainable.In the future,in order to better encourage farmers to participate in rural revitalization,more attention should be paid to the development,fairness and balance of revitalization.