基于经营杠杆的需求不确定下制造系统生产结构策略分析

Research on Production Structure Strategy of Manufacturing System Under Uncertain Demand Based on Operating Leverage

为了分析制造系统中专用生产结构和柔性生产结构适应的具体市场环境,在考虑经营杠杆的基础上,以预期总利润最大为目标,构建柔性生产策略模型。为了获得两种生产结构下的预期总利润,需要着重研究其最大预期销售量。通过求解柔性生产结构的最大流问题,获得其最大预期销售量。数值模拟发现,随着产品单价的增加,柔性生产结构增加的预期总利润比专用生产结构的多;随着需求分布的离散程度减少,专用生产结构增加的预期总利润比柔性生产结构的多;随着两种生产结构的单位成本系数逐渐增大,柔性生产结构的预期总利润逐渐减小。结果表明:当离散程度较小,单价较低,单位成本系数较大时,制造系统设计为专用生产结构就可以达到总利润最大;当离散程度较大,单价较高,单位成本系数较小时,制造系统设计为柔性生产结构能够增加总利润。

In order to analyze the suitable market environment for the dedicated production structure and the flexible production structure in the manufacturing system,the production flexibility strategy model is established with the goal of maximizing expected total profit on the basis of operating leverage.In order to obtain the expected total profit under the two production structures,the maximum expected sales need to be examined.By solving the max-flow problem of the flexible production structure,the maximum expected sales is obtained.Numerical simulation shows that with the increase of unit price,the increased expected total profit of the flexible production structure is more than that with the dedicated production structure.As the discrete degree of demand distribution decreases,the expected total profit of the dedicated production structure increases more than that with the flexible production structure.With the increase of unit cost coefficient of the two production structures,the expected total profit of the flexible production structure gradually decreases.The results indicate that when the discrete degree is small,the unit price is low and the unit cost coefficient is large,the manufacturing system of the dedicated production structure can achieve the maximum profit.When the discrete degree is large,the unit price is high and the unit cost coefficient is small,the manufacturing system with the flexible production structure can increase the total profit.