垃圾渗滤液厌氧氨氧化脱氮技术的工程化应用探索

Engineering exploration on the leachate treatment by anaerobic ammonium oxidation

在两级AO工艺处理实际垃圾渗滤液工程应用程中,首先采用精准曝气控制溶解氧(Dissolve oxygen,DO)完成硝化池短程硝化反硝化启动,同时结合生物填料投加的控制策略,在60日内快速实现厌氧氨氧化功能菌群的高效自富集,其相对丰度高达4.04%。研究结果表明,当一级硝化池DO浓度由2.6 mg/L逐步降低至1.2 mg/L后,亚硝态氮积累达到70%以上。当生化池混合液中存在NH3-N和NO-2-N时,在COD<1650 mg/L且DO≈0.3 mg/L的控制条件下最有利于厌氧氨氧化菌生长增殖和发挥代谢作用。与传统运行方式相比,本研究构建的短程硝化反硝化脱氮技术可节约26.9%曝气能耗,单位水量运行电费可降低4.03元/m2。结合短程硝化反硝化启动控制策略和厌氧氨氧化菌生长的关键控制指标,提出了厌氧氨氧化脱氮技术工程应用的设计思路。

In the engineering application of two-stage AO(Anacrobic Oxic)process for treating actual landfill leachate,precise control of Dissolved Oxygen(DO)was initially employed to achieve partial nitrification/denitrification in the nitrification tank.Simultaneously,by combining control strategies for the addition of bio-media,efficient enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox)bacteria was achieved within 60 d,with a relative abundance as high as 4.04%.The research results indicate that when DO concentration in the first-stage nitrification tank gradually decreased from 2.6 mg/L to 1.2 mg/L,the nitrite accumulation rate reached 70%.When NH3-N and NO,-N were simultaneously present in the mixed liquor of the bioreactor,the most favorable conditions for the growth and metabolic activity of Anammox bacteria were achieved with COD<1650 mg/L and DO~0.3 mg/L.Through calculations and comparison with traditional operating modes,the partial nitrification/denitrification process can save 26.9%of aeration energy consumption and reduce the electricity cost per ton of water by 4.03 yuan.Combining the control strategy for partial nitrification/denitrification initiation and key control parameters for the growth of Anammox bacteria,a concept for the engineering application of Anammox technology has been proposed,providing reliable technical support for subsequent new construction projects and the retrofitting of existing projects.