基于车网互动的区域电网优化调度研究

Research on Optimal Dispatching of Regional Power Grid Based on Vehicle Network Interaction

电动汽车(Electric Vehicles, EV)充电行为具有随机性的特点,大规模电动汽车接入电网进行无序充电严重影响电力系统的稳定性、安全性。建立了EV充放电行为模型,分析了其调度潜力;并以EV充放电功率等作为决策变量、以充放电电价作为激励参量,建立了一种以区域电网经济性最高、新能源消纳效果最佳、需求侧功率曲线最平缓为目标的优化调度模型。通过NSGA-Ⅱ算法求解调度模型,得到帕累托解集,最后基于AHP决策方法决定最佳调度方案,实现电力系统削峰填谷、新能源消纳,降低大规模EV接入电力系统带来的消极影响。通过蒙特卡洛抽样方法模拟用户侧充电需求,仿真验证结果表明该方法可提高区域电网的经济性,增强新能源消纳能力,平抑负荷,有助于提高区域电网的安全稳定性。

The charging behavior of electric vehicles(EV)is random,and the disorderly charging of large-scale EV connected to the power grid seriously affects the stability and security of the power system.The EV charging and discharging behavior model was established,and its scheduling potential was analyzed.Taking EV charging and discharging power as the decision variable and charging and discharging electricity price as the incentive parameter,we established an optimal dispatching model aiming at the highest economy of regional power grid,the best effect of new energy consumption and the smoothest demand-side power curve.The scheduling model was solved by NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm,and the Pareto solution set was obtained.Finally,the optimal scheduling scheme was determined based on AHP method to realize peak load cutting and valley filling and new energy consumption,and reduced the negative impact of large-scale EV access to the power system.The Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the charging demand on the user side.The simulation results show that the method can improve the economy of the regional power grid,enhance the new energy consumption capacity,stabilize the load,and help to improve the security and stability of the regional power grid.