护理人员职场欺凌在感知社会支持与组织沉默的中介效应分析

Analysis on mediating effects of workplace bullying on perceived social support and organizational silence among nursing staff

目的 了解职场欺凌在护理人员感知社会支持与组织沉默之间的中介作用,为改善护理人员组织沉默提供参考依据。方法 2022年4—5月,以方便抽样法抽取西安市1所三级甲等医院235名护理人员,采用一般人口学调查量表、职场欺凌量表、感知社会支持量表和组织沉默量表进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 护理人员组织沉默、感知社会支持、职场欺凌得分分别为(51.99±17.99)、(60.94±14.36)和(35.64±13.06)分。感知社会支持与组织沉默呈负相关(r=-0.297,P<0.01),职场欺凌与组织沉默呈正相关(r=0.605,P<0.01)。职场欺凌在护理人员感知社会支持与组织沉默之间存在完全中介效应(β=-0.21,P<0.01),中介效应占总效应比例为87.5%。结论 职场欺凌是护理人员感知社会支持和组织沉默之间的中介变量,医院管理者应采取有效干预方法降低职场欺凌现象和提高护理人员感知社会支持,从而降低护理人员的组织沉默现象。

Objective To explore the mediating effect of workplace bullying on the relationship between nurses' perceived social support and organizational silence,so as to provide basis for improving nurses' organizational silence. Methods A total of 235 nurses were selected from a grade-A tertiary hospital in Xi'an City by convenience sampling from April to May 2022. The general demographic survey scale,workplace bullying scale,perceived social support scale and organizational silence scale were used for questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of organizational silence,perceived social support and workplace bullying of nurses were(51.99±17.99),(60.94±14.36) and(35.64±13.06)points. The perceived social support was negatively correlated with organizational silence( r =-0. 297, P <0. 01), and workplace bullying was positively correlated with organizational silence(r=0.605,P<0.01). The workplace bullying has a complete mediating effect between nurses' perceived social support and organizational silence(β=-0.21,P<0.01),accounting for 87.5% of the total effect. Conclusion The workplace bullying is a mediating variable between nurses' perceived social support and organizational silence,so the hospital managers should take effective intervention methods to reduce workplace bullying and improve nurses' perceived social support,so as to reduce the organizational silence of nursing staff.