逆境商在护士工作场所欺凌与心理健康间的中介效应分析

Analysis on mediating effect of adversity quotient on workplace bullying and mental health of nurses

目的 调查护士工作场所欺凌、心理健康和逆境商现状,探讨工作场所欺凌、逆境商与心理健康间的关系,为预防和减少护士工作场所欺凌的发生,提升护士心理健康水平提供参考。方法 采用便利抽样法,2022年4月对扬州市7所医院960名护士采用一般资料调查问卷、中文版负性行为问卷(negative acts questionnaire revised,NAQ-R)、护士逆境商自我评价量表、12项一般健康问卷(12-item general health questionnaire,GHQ-12)进行调查。结果 NAQ-R总分为30.00(25.00,36.00)分,逆境商总分为(129.37±36.29)分,GHQ-12总分为8.00(6.00,10.00)分。相关分析结果显示,NAQ-R总分与GHQ-12总分、逆境商总分呈正相关,GHQ-12总分与逆境商总分呈正相关(均P<0.01)。逆境商在护士工作场所欺凌与心理健康间的中介效应显著,中介效应占比为56.7%。结论 护士心理健康得分处于中等偏下水平,工作场所欺凌既可以直接影响护士的心理健康,也可通过逆境商间接作用于护士的心理健康。护理管理者可以通过培训提高护士逆境商以预防或减少护士工作场所欺凌的发生,进而提高护士的心理健康水平。

Objective To investigate the status quo of workplace bullying,mental health and adversity quotient of nurses,and explore the relationship between workplace bullying,adversity quotient and mental health,so as to provide reference for preventing and reducing the occurrence of workplace bullying and improving the level of mental health of nurses. Methods A total of 960 nurses from seven hospitals in Yangzhou City were selected by convenience sampling method in April 2022. The general data questionnaire,negative acts questionnaire revised(NAQ-R),nurses' stress quotient self-assessment scale and 12-item general health questionnaire(GHQ-12) were used to conduct the survey. Results The total score of NAQ-R was [30.00(25.00,36.00)]points,the total score of adversity quotient was [(129.37±36.29)]points,and the total score of GHQ-12 was [8.00(6.00,10.00)]points.The correlation analysis results showed that the total score of NAQ-R was positively correlated with the total score of GHQ-12 and total score of adversity quotient,while the total score of GHQ-12 was positively correlated with the total score of adversity quotient(all P<0.01). The adversity quotient had a significant mediating effect on the relationship between workplace bullying and mental health of nurses,and the mediating effect accounted for 56.7% of the total effect. Conclusions Nurses' mental health is in the middle level,the workplace bullying can directly affect the mental health of nurses,as well as indirectly affect their mental health through adversity quotient. The nursing managers can improve nurses' adversity quotient through training to prevent or reduce the occurrence of workplace bullying among nurses,thereby improving their mental health level.