“三言”“二拍”商人形象之结局研究

A Study on the Ending of the Merchant Images of“San Yan”and“Er Pai”

随着明朝商品经济的发展,在社会上出现了大量商人,这一时期的通俗文学大家冯梦龙、凌濛初便在“三言”“二拍”的诸多篇目中反映了这一社会现实,塑造了许多个性鲜明的商人形象。就这些商人的结局来看,可分为喜剧结局和悲剧结局,其中喜剧结局又有大团圆结局和其他喜剧结局,悲剧结局有死亡结局和其他悲剧结局。这些结局揭示了明代社会商人地位的变迁、人们价值取向的转变及个性解放后物欲的膨胀,并折射了冯、凌二人“导愚适俗”的创作意图,凸显出独特的文化意蕴。

With the development of the commodity economy in the Ming Dynasty,a large number of merchants appeared in society.During this period,popular literary figures Feng Menglong and Ling Mengchu reflected the social reality in many chapters of“San Yan”and“Er Pai”,shaping many distinctive merchant images.From the perspective of the endings of these merchants,who can be divided into comedy endings and tragic endings,with comedy endings including happy endings and other comedy endings,and tragic endings including death endings and other tragic endings.These endings reveal the changes in the status of merchants in Ming Dynasty society,the transformation of people’s value orientation,and the expansion of material desires after individual liberation.They also reflect the creative intention of Feng and Ling to“guide foolishness and adapt to customs”,highlighting their unique cultural significance.