场域中的译者自主

Translator Autonomy in the Field

文化学派过分强调文化因素对翻译活动的影响,使得外部规约之于译者自主有一种形而上学决定论的倾向,是对译者自主的否定。布迪厄主张方法论上的关系主义,强调关系的首要地位,避免陷入主观主义和客观主义的二元对立,文章以布迪厄的文化社会学理论模式为框架,将译者自主放置在其发生空间(场域)当中,从其运行逻辑(资本)和生发机制(惯习)的双向关系中对译者自主的本质进行解读,进而提出:场域中的译者自主是包含客观的主观,是资本争夺的结果。

Polysystem’s overemphasis on the influences of the cultural factors on the translation activities makes the external restraints the decisive elements to the translator autonomy,which is a negation of the translator autonomy.Bourdieu advocates the relation doctrine in methodology,and his stress on the primacy of relation avoids the falling into the binary opposition between subjectivism and objectivism.Taking Bourdieu’s Cultural Sociology Theory as the theoretical framework,this paper places the translator autonomy in its occurrence space—the field to explore the nature of it from the bidirectional relation between its operation logic—the capital and generation mecha⁃nism—the habitus.It has drawn the conclusion that the translator autonomy in the field is the subjectivity includes objectivity and is the result of capital competition.