烟秆粉和咖啡壳粉对木塑复合材料性能的影响

Effects of Tobacco Stalk Powder and Coffee Shell Powder on Properties of Wood-plastic Composites

为探讨烟秆粉和咖啡壳粉代替桉木粉生产木塑复合材料的可行性,采用范式法分析比较烟秆粉、咖啡壳粉和桉木粉的化学成分,以烟秆粉、咖啡壳粉及桉木粉为增强相与高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)熔融共混,采用两步挤出成型法制备了不同木质纤维原料及配比的木塑复合材料。通过测试不同木塑复合材料的物理力学性能、动态热力学性能(DMA)、氧化诱导时间(OIT)和氧化诱导温度(OIT^(*)),观察不同木塑复合材料的微观形貌和官能团,分析不同木质纤维原料及配比对木塑复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:综纤维素含量由高到低依次为桉木粉、烟秆粉、咖啡壳粉,木质素含量由低到高依次为桉木粉、烟秆粉、咖啡壳粉;桉木粉/HDPE复合材料(TS0)的综合性能优于烟秆粉/HDPE复合材料(TS100)和咖啡壳粉/HDPE复合材料(CS100)。在混合纤维原料木塑复合材料中,随着桉木粉用量的减少,木塑复合材料的集中载荷、弹性模量、静曲强度和冲击强度先增加后降低,OIT和OIT^(*)降低,20%烟秆粉80%桉木粉/HDPE复合材料(TS20)的综合性能最佳,其集中载荷和冲击强度比TS100分别提高27.5%和22.5%,OIT和OIT^(*)分别增加9.9 min和10.7℃。

In order to explore the feasibility of tobacco stalk powder and coffee shell powder instead of eucalyptus wood powder in the production of wood-plastic composites(WPC),the chemical compositions of tobacco stalk powder,coffee shell powder and eucalyptus wood powder were analyzed and compared by the method of Van Soest.The tobacco stalk powder,coffee shell powder and eucalyptus wood powder were used as reinforcement phases,and HDPE was used as matrix.WPC with different lignocellulosic materials and ratios were prepared by two-step extrusion molding method.By testing the physical and mechanical properties,DMA,OIT and OIT^(*) of WPC,and observing the micromorphology and functional groups of WPC,the effects of different lignocellulosic materials and their ratios on the properties of WPC were analyzed.The results showed that the contents of polycellulose from high to low were eucalyptus wood powder,tobacco stalk powder and coffee shell powder,while the contents of lignin from low to high were eucalyptus wood powder,tobacco stem powder and coffee shell powder.The comprehensive performance of eucalyptus powder/HDPE composite(TS0) was better than that of tobacco stalk powder/HDPE composite(TS100) and coffee shell powder/HDPE composite(CS100).The elastic modulus,static flexural strength,concentrated load,and impact strength of WPC increased first and then decreased with the decrease of eucalyptus powder content,and the OIT and OIT^(*) decreased.The comprehensive performance of 20% tobacco stalk powder and 80% eucalyptus powder/HDPE composite(TS20) was the best.Compared with the TS100,the concentrated load and impact strength of the composite were increased by 27.5%and 22.5%,respectively,and the OIT and OIT^(*) were increased by 9.9 min and 10.7 ℃,respectively.