孕前超重及肥胖孕妇直觉饮食行为及影响因素研究

Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of intuitive eating behaviors among pregnant women with prepregnancy overweight and obese

目的 :调查孕前超重及肥胖孕妇直觉饮食行为现况并分析其影响因素,旨在帮助其认识并建立孕期健康饮食行为,为构建孕期体质量管理相关护理措施提供指导。方法 :2022年6月,便利选取南京市某三级甲等妇产医院220名孕前超重及肥胖孕妇为调查对象,运用一般资料调查问卷、直觉饮食-2量表、孕期营养素养评估工具、领悟社会支持量表及多维度健康心理控制源量表进行调查,采用多元线性回归分析孕前超重及肥胖孕妇直觉饮食行为的影响因素。结果:该类孕妇直觉饮食得分为(76.27±6.64)分;年龄、是否有妊娠并发症、进食速度、孕期进餐时是否观看电子产品、孕期营养素养水平、领悟社会支持水平、倾向健康权威人士控制是该类孕妇直觉饮食行为的影响因素,共解释总变异的41.1%(P<0.001)。结论:该类孕妇直觉饮食处于中等水平,应重点关注高龄、有妊娠并发症孕妇,针对影响因素进行干预,推动直觉饮食行为建立。

Objective:To investigate the current status and influencing factors of intuitive eating behaviors among pregnant women with pre-pregnancy overweight and obese.Methods:We enrolled 220 pregnant women with pre-pregnancy overweight and obese admitted to a tertiary grade A gynecology and obstetrics hospital in Nanjing for delivery as the study subjects in June 2022.The questionnaires included general information questionnaire,Intuitive Eating Scale-2,Nutrition Literacy Assessment Instrument for Pregnant Women,Perceived Social Support Scale and Multi-dimensional Health Locus of Control.The factors influencing intuitive eating behavior among pre-pregnancy overweight and obese pregnant women were analyzed using multiple linear regression.Results:The score of intuitive eating behaviors among pregnant women with pre-pregnancy overweight and obese was(76.27±6.64).Age,with or without pregnancy complications,eating speed,whether or not to watch electronic devices while eating during pregnancy,the level of nutritional literacy during pregnancy,the level of perceived social support,and powerful others health locus of control were the influencing factors of the intuitive eating behaviors among pregnant women with pre-pregnancy overweight and obese,which could explain 41.1%of the total variance(P<0.001).Conclusion:The intuitive eating behaviors among pregnant women with pre-pregnancy overweight and obese are at an intermediate level.Nursing professionals should focus on those who are in advanced age,with pregnancy complications among this group.Interventions should also be targeted at influencing factors to promote the establishment of intuitive eating behaviors.