粉末冶金法制备Cu-Ni-Si合金的组织和性能

Microstructure and Properties of Cu-Ni-Si Alloys Prepared by Powder Metallurgy

以单质Cu粉、Ni粉和Si粉为原料,通过热压烧结方法制备Cu含量为94(质量分数,%),Ni、Si质量比为4∶1的Cu-Ni-Si合金。经过900℃固溶处理2 h和450℃时效处理4 h后,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析和X射线衍射仪对合金的显微组织和相组成进行了分析。结果表明:合金中只有δ-Ni2Si相形成,且δ-Ni2Si相的组织形貌及分布状态对合金的力学性能和导电率起着决定性的作用;经过时效处理后,析出的δ-Ni2Si相使合金的导电率和维氏硬度都明显提高。

Cu-Ni-Si alloy with 94%Cu content and Ni to Si mass ratio of 4:1 is prepared by hot pressing sintering method using Cu,Ni and Si powder as raw materials.After solution treatment at 900℃for 2hand agingtreatment at 450℃for 4h,themicrostructureand phasecomposition of the alloy are analyzed by metallographic microscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectrum(EDS)analysis and X-ray diffractometer(XRD).The results show that only-Niz Si phase is formed in the alloy,and the microstructure and distribution of-Niz Si phase play a decisive role in the mechanical properties and conductivity of the alloy.After aging treatment,the conductivity and Vickers hardness of the alloy are obviously improved by the-Niz Si phase precipi-tated.