曲线线路重载机车轮缘裂纹损伤及影响因素研究

Research on wheel flange crack damage and influencing factors ofheavy haul locomotive on the curved track

针对我国某型大功率重载机车在高原多曲线线路上运行时频繁出现轮缘裂纹的问题,采用理论分析、数值模拟与现场试验相结合的方法对机车轮缘裂纹损伤进行研究。首先,基于多体动力学和安定理论,建立了该型大功率重载机车车辆动力学模型及轮缘裂纹损伤预测模型:其次,通过现场测试数据与数值仿真结果对比,验证了模型的正确性;最后,根据该型重载机车运行线路特点,分析了曲线半径、曲线超高、曲线坡度等线路参数及轮缘润滑对重载机车轮缘裂纹损伤的影响规律。研究结果表明,连续小半径曲线是该型重载机车轮缘裂纹产生的主要原因,此外轮缘润滑对机车轮缘裂纹损伤有显著影响,可通过合理的线路参数设置及轮缘润滑来降低机车轮轨动态相互作用,进而减少重载机车轮缘裂纹的发生。

In order to investigate the problem of frequent wheel flange crack damage in a high-power heavy haul locomotive operating on high-altitude multi-curved railway lines in China,a combined approach of theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and field test is employed.First,based on multibody dynamics and stability theory,a vehicle dynamics model for the high-power heavy haul locomotive and a prediction model for wheel flange crack damage are respectively established.Next,the accuracy of the model is validated by comparing field test data with numerical simulation results.Finally,based on the characteristics of the operating route for the heavy haul locomotive,an analysis is conducted on the effects of curve radius,curve superelevation,curve gradient,and wheel flange lubrication on the damage pattern of wheel flange cracks.The research results indicate that continuous small radius curves are the main cause of wheel flange cracks in this heavy haul locomotive.In addition,wheel flange lubrication has a significant effect on the locomotive wheel flange crack damage.Therefore,the wheel-rail dynamic interaction can be reduced by setting appropriate route parameters and implementing effective wheel flange lubrication,and the occurrence of wheel flange cracks in the heavy haul locomotive can be minimized.