叠层材料激光环切制孔温度场仿真分析

Simulation Analysis of Temperature Field for Laser Circular Cutting of Laminated Materials

为解决叠层材料激光环切制孔尺寸精度的问题,利用有限元软件对铝合金叠层材料进行激光环切制孔温度场仿真模拟,并通过APDL编程语言控制激光移动路径及激光参数。分析上表面的不同时刻和X-Z剖面的不同位置最高温度分布情况,研究了激光参数对孔位置和孔径值的影响规律,获得半径补偿量的大小。结果表明,在上表面中,随着时间推移,最高温度呈现缓慢的上升趋势且扩散面积逐渐增大,在X-Z剖面中,最高温度从上到下呈现递减趋势;随着激光功率的增加和移动速度的降低,入口孔径均大于出口孔径,孔的形貌呈现倒锥型,同时发现上出孔径均略小于下入孔径;在不同激光功率和移动速度下完成4 mm孔径时,半径补偿均在0.22 mm左右,可为实际激光制孔的半径补偿提供参考。

In order to solve the dimensional accuracy of laser circular cutting of laminated materials,this paper uses finite element software to simulate the temperature field of laser circular cutting of aluminum alloy laminated materials and controls the laser movement path and laser parameters through the APDL programming language.The distribution of the maximum temperature at different moments on the upper surface and at different positions in the X-Z profile was analyzed,the law of influence of the laser parameters on the hole position aperture values was studied and the magnitude of the radius compensation was obtained.The results show that the maximum temperature tends to in-crease slowly with time and the diffusion area gradually increases in the upper surface,and the maximum temperature tends to decrease from top to bottom in the X-Z profile.With the increase of laser power and the decrease of moving speed,the entry aperture diameter is larger than the exit aperture diameter,the shape of the aperture shows an inverted cone shape,and it is found that the upper exit aperture is slightly smaller than the down entry aperture.The radius compensation is about 0.22 mm when 4 mm aperture is completed under different laser power and moving speed,which can provide reference for radius compensation of actual laser drilling.