复合材料气密包装箱设计及试验验证

Design and Experimental Verification of Composite Material Airtight Packaging Box

目的 为适应产品集装化大批量输送、环境适应性强、快速保障的需要,研究轻质高强复合材料气密包装箱设计方案。方法 首先进行包装箱设计需求分析,明晰包装箱设计要点。其次,分别从性能、结构、工艺三方面开展设计。基于复合材料设计特点,采用系统最优的设计思路进行增强材料、基体材料和芯材料的设计及选型,提出箱体设计方法。针对内装物长期存储问题,提出气密包装箱关键密封结构设计方法。基于低导热系数聚氨酯保温材料,进行包装箱保温结构设计,满足包装箱在恶劣自然环境下的保温要求。结合包装箱低成本设计要求,提出包装箱真空导流工艺技术路线。结果 包装箱承压能力可以达到20 kPa以上,可适应高温55℃、低温-50℃的使用环境,充气后72 h压降不大于10%,同时可以满足堆码、吊装及叉装工作要求。结论 该复合材料包装箱可以适应产品快速、高效保障的需求,有广阔的市场前景和推广价值。

The work aims to explore a design scheme of lightweight high-strength composite packaging boxes to meet the needs of mass transportation and strong environmental adaptability and rapid support of product containerization.Firstly,the design requirements of packaging boxes were analyzed to clarify the design points of packaging boxes.Secondly,the design was carried out from three aspects:performance,structure and process.Based on the design characteristics of composite materials,the design of reinforcing material,matrix material and core material was carried out according to the optimal design idea of the system,and the design method of boxes was proposed.Aiming at the long-term storage problem of products,the key sealing structure design of airtight packing boxes was proposed.Based on the low thermal conductivity polyurethane insulation material,the structure of packaging boxes was designed to meet the insulation requirements of packaging boxes in harsh environments.Combined with the low cost design requirements of packaging boxes,a process technology route of packaging boxes was put forward.The pressure bearing capacity of packaging boxes could reach more than 20 kPa,which could adapt to the environment of high temperature 60℃and low temperature–55℃.The pressure drop 72 h after inflation was not more than 10%,and it could meet the requirements of stacking,hoisting and fork loading.The composite packaging boxes can meet the needs of rapid and efficient support of our military ammunition,and have broad market prospects and promotion value.