上颌阻生异位中切牙牵引效果与年龄的相关度分析

Correlation analysis between traction effect of maxillary impacted ectopic central incisors and age

目的研究埋伏阻生上颌中切牙不同年龄的正畸牵引治疗效果。方法选择单侧水平或竖直且牙根弯曲度小于90度上颌中切牙作为研究组,以对侧同名上颌中切牙作为对照组。利用CBCT测量分析二组牙根及牙槽骨的相关研究指标。结果治疗结束时,低年龄组治疗有效率为93.10%,高年龄组治疗有效率为82.76%,在牙根长度上低年龄组在牵引治疗后略小于对照组但无统计学意义(P>0.05),高年龄组在牵引治疗后牙根长度明显短于对照组(P<0.05),低年龄组比高年龄组埋伏牙在治疗后的牙根长度有显著增长(P<0.05),而对照牙在二组间无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在唇侧牙槽嵴吸收高度上埋伏牙比对照牙有更多的牙槽骨吸收(P<0.05)而高低年龄组上没有(P>0.05)。在埋伏牙唇腭侧骨板厚度方面,低年龄组在治疗后唇侧骨板厚度更大(P<0.05),而腭侧骨板厚度两个年龄组没有明显差异(P>0.05)。结论对于埋伏阻生上颌中切牙的牵引治疗应尽早开始,以促使牙根继续生长发育及牙槽骨的改建,但仍然无法达到对侧同名牙的水平。

Objective To study the effect of orthodontic traction treatment of impacted maxillary central incisors at different ages.Methods The unilateral horizontal or vertical maxillary central incisors with root curvature less than 90 degrees were selected as the study group and the contralateral maxillary central incisors with the same name as the control group.CBCT was used to measure and analyze the relevant research indicators of the root and alveolar bone of the two groups.Results At the end of treatment,the effective rate of treatment in the low age group was 93.10%,while the effective rate in the high age group was 82.76%.In terms of root length,the low age group was slightly smaller than the control group after traction treatment,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).The root length of teeth in the high age group was significantly shorter than that in the control group after traction treatment(P<0.05),and the root length of buried teeth in the low age group increased significantly compared to the high age group after treatment(P<0.05),However,the control teeth were not significantly different between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in alveolar bone resorption between the high and low age groups(P>0.05),while the buried teeth had more alveolar bone resorption than the control teeth in the height of alveolar ridge resorption on the labial side.In terms of the thickness of the labiopalatine bone plate in the buried teeth,the younger group had a greater thickness of the labiopalatine bone plate after treatment(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in the thickness of the palatal bone plate between the two age groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The traction treatment of the impacted maxillary central incisor should be started as soon as possible to promote the growth and development of the root and the reconstruction of the alveolar bone,but it still cannot reach the level of the opposite homonymous tooth.