国际视野下的家校合作:原因、取向与反思

Family-school Partnership in International Perspectives:Reasons,Orientations and Reflection

家校合作已经成为一种国际趋势。家校合作中出现多重矛盾冲突,根源在于未厘清家校之间到底为什么要合作以及要合作什么这两个根本性问题。家校合作的价值不仅在于其对学生、家长、教师和学校发展的正向功能,更在于其对重建家庭的社会资本,实现家庭和学校教育功能发挥的必要性。结构取向的家校合作是指学校和家庭为促进学生的成长与发展而开展的活动;关系取向的家校合作是指教师和家长在此过程中建立的人际关系;有机且动态地整合两种取向的家校合作方能形成学校和家庭间的合力。家校合作要避免陷入困境,合作主体就需清楚认识家校合作的功能边界和功能实现的基本机制。

Family-school partnership has become an international trend.The root causes of conflicts in family-school partnership lie in the failure to answer the fundamental questions of why and what to collaborate between family and school.The value of familyschool partnership lies not only in its positive function for the development of student,parents,teacher and school,but also in its necessity for rebuilding family's social capital and realizing family's and schoo's educational functions.A structural approach to family-school partnership emphasizes the activities conducted by school and parents to promote student's growth and development;a relational approach family-school partnership emphasizes the interpersonal relationship established between teacher and parents in the process;a fruitful approach to family-school partnership lies in an organic and dynamic integration of structural and relational elements.To avoid the dilemma of family-school partnership,primary actors need to clearly understand the functional boundaries of family-school partnership and the mechanism for its realization.