摄像头下的亲人:亲密监视中的“媒介化”与“去媒介化”亲情研究

Loved Ones on Camera:A Study of“Mediated”and“De-Mediated”Affection inIntimateSurveillance

长期以来对于技术监控的研究普遍遵循福柯“圆形监狱”的路径,将监控摄像头看作“权力的眼睛”,剖释背后的权力关系。本文旨在“忘记福柯”,超越“技术监视主义”,研究监控技术在异地亲情中的作用机制,为理解技术监视提供另类视角。研究提出“媒介化亲情”的概念,发现家庭智能摄像头在异地相隔的亲人连接中,扮演着亲情联结、远程照看、健康监护与数字记忆功能,生成一种深度媒介化的数字亲情。同时超越“媒介中心主义”的乌托邦式想象,提出“去媒介化亲情”的概念,指出智能监控摄像头为空间离身的亲人提供了云尽孝的媒介工具,却无法替代具身的陪伴,故此应该省思对“媒介化亲情”的习以为常,以至于将赛博亲情的“对空言情”视作具身亲情,反而忽视了应该超越媒介区隔,让亲人走出智能手机与监控摄像头的玻璃屏幕。

For a long time,studies of technological surveillance have generally followed the path of Foucault's"circular prison",viewing surveillance cameras as the"eyes of power"and dissecting the power relations behind them.This paper aims to"forget Foucault"'and go beyond"technological surveillanceism"to study the mechanism of surveillance technology in the context of estranged kinship,and to provide an alternative perspective for the understanding of technological surveillance.The study proposes the concept of"mediated kinship",and finds that home smart cameras play the roles of kinship bonding,remote care,health monitoring and digital memory in the connection between family members separated by distance,generating a kind of deeply mediated digital kinship.At the same time,we go beyond the utopian imagination of"media-centrism"and put forward the concept of"demediatised affection",pointing out that smart surveillance cameras provide a media tool for spatially separated loved ones to do filial piety in the cloud,but they cannot replace physical companionship,and therefore we should reflect on our understanding of"mediatised affection".Therefore,we should reflect on the habit of"mediatised affection",so much so that we regard the"empty words"of cyber affection as embodied affection,and neglect to transcend the medium of separation and allow our loved ones to step out of the glass screens of smartphones and surveillance cameras.