创新生态系统协同视角下我国粮食种业企业创新效率评价及其创新效率提升策略

Evaluation of Innovation Efficiency of China's Grain Seed Industry Enterprises from the Perspective of Innovation Ecosystem Synergy and Its Innovation Efficiency Improvement Strategy

由于粮食产业具有更显著的自然属性,因此粮食种业创新具有更强技术性和更大风险性。基于此,从创新生态系统协同视角构建理论分析框架,以我国20家上市粮食种业企业作为研究对象,利用数据包络分析方法对企业创新效率进行评价,并利用Tobit面板模型厘清企业创新效率的影响因素,以探寻我国粮食种业创新的最优路径。结果表明:当前我国粮食种业企业创新效率整体处于低水平阶段,大多数企业处于创新生命周期的规模报酬递增阶段,技术效率变化是制约粮食种业创新全要素生产率的主要因素;企业规模﹑资本结构和企业性质显著影响粮食种业企业创新效率。因此,需要遵循粮食种业企业的生命周期规律,实施不同性质企业同等待遇,实行种业创新企业的动态性激励政策,同时进一步加快世界级粮食种业创新型龙头企业﹑骨干企业﹑规模企业的培育。

The significant natural attributes lead to a more technical and risky characteristic of grain seed industry innovation.Based on this,this paper constructs a theoretical analysis framework from the perspective of innovation ecosystem synergy,and takes 20 listed enterprises in China as the research object.Data envelopment analysis method is used to evaluate the innovation efficiency of China's grain seed industry enterprises.Moreover,the Tobit panel model is adopted to explore the influencing factors and the optimal path of the innovation efficiency of China's grain seed industry.The results indicate that the innovation efficiency of China's grain seed industry enterprises is low,most of the relevant enterprises are in the increasing returns to scale stage of the innovation life cycle,and technological eficiency is the main factor constraining the total factor productivity of innovation in the industry;enterprise scale,capital structure and nature of the enterprise significantly affect the innovation efficiency of the grain seed industry enterprises.Therefore,it is necessary to follow the rules of the life cycle of grain seed industry enterprises,by implementing equal treatment for enterprises of different natures,and implementing dynamic incentive policies for innovative enterprises in the seed industry,meanwhile,further accelerate the cultivation of innovative leading enterprises,key enterprises and large-scale enterprises of the world-class grain seed industry.