智能化赋能制造业低碳转型的理论分析和实证检验

A Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Research on Intelligence Enabling Manufacturing Industry Low-carbon Transition

为进一步明确智能化赋能制造业低碳转型的形式﹑机制等,在理论分析的基础上提出智能化赋能制造业低碳转型具有直接效应﹑间接效应以及门槛效应的假设,进一步运用2005—2021年中国制造业28个细分行业的面板数据进行实证检验。结果表明:(1)智能化赋能制造业低碳转型具直接效应,在其他条件不变的情况下,智能化水平每增加1%,制造业低碳转型水平平均提高0.383%;(2)智能化赋能制造业低碳转型具间接效应,智能化通过提高技术创新水平和优化能源使用效率间接赋能制造业低碳转型;(3)智能化赋能制造业低碳转型具有门槛效应,受技术创新水平和能源使用效率的约束,智能化赋能制造业低碳转型分别呈现递增的单门槛效应和递增的双重门槛效应;(4)智能化赋能制造业低碳转型具有显著的行业异质性,就智能化赋能制造业低碳转型的直接效应和门槛效应而言,低碳制造业都高于高碳制造业,且二者的门槛特征具有差异性。据此提出制造企业应深化智能化改造,充分发挥技术创新和能源使用效率的间接驱动作用,充分关注技术创新水平﹑能源使用效率与智能化水平的匹配性,以及制定差异化的智能化赋能制造业低碳转型政策等对策建议。

In order to further clarify the form and mechanism of the low-carbon transformation of the intelligent enabling manufacturing industry,on the basis of theoretical analysis,this paper puts forward the hypothesis that the low-carbon transformation of intelligent enabling manufacturing industry has direct effect,indirect effect and threshold effect,then further uses the panel data of 28 sub-sectors of China's manufacturing industry from 2005 to'2021 for empirical test.The results show that:(1)Inteligent enabling of low-carbon transformation of manufacturing industry has a direct effect,with other conditions unchanged,the low-carbon transformation level of manufacturing industry will increase by 0.383%on average for every 1%increase in intelligent level.(2)Intelligent empowers the low-carbon transformation of manufacturing industry with indirect effects,intelligent indirectly empowers the low-carbon transformation of manufacturing industry by improving the level of technological innovation and optimizing the efficiency of energy use.(3)The low-carbon transformation of intligent enabling manufacturing industry has a threshold effect,testricted by the level of technological innovation and energy use efficiency,the low-carbon transformation of intelligent enabling manufacturing industry presents an increasing single threshold effect and an increasing double threshold effect respectively.(4)The low-carbon transformation of intelligent enabling manufacturing industry has significant industry heterogeneity,in terms of the direct effect and threshold effect of low-carbon transformation of intelligent enabling manufacturing industry,the low-carbon manufacturing industry is higher than the high-carbon manufacturing industry,and their threshold characteristics are different.Accordingly,it is proposed that manufacturing enterprises should deepen intelligent transformation,give full play to the indirect driving role of technological innovation and energy efficiency,pay full attention to the matching of technological innovation level,