潍坊市奎文区食源性疾病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Foodborne Diseases in Kuiwen District of Weifang

目的:探讨潍坊市奎文区食源性疾病发生特征,为食源性疾病防控提供参考依据。方法:2015—2021年,选取国家食品安全风险评估中心食源性疾病监测报告系统中的潍坊市奎文区食源性疾病病例作为研究对象。采用SPSS26.0软件进行统计分析。结果:2015—2021年,潍坊市奎文区通过食源性疾病监测报告系统主动监测报告14042例食源性疾病病例,18~40岁为主要发病人群,可疑进食场所、可疑暴露食品、食品加工或包装方式分别以家庭、水果类及其制品和散装为主;从925份食源性疾病标本中共检出病原体140份,检出率为15.14%,以沙门氏菌和诺如病毒检出率最高,阳性标本年龄分布以0~6岁人群为主,病原检出主要集中在家庭、水果类及其制品、散装食品,急性胃肠炎病例检出最多。结论:2015—2021年,潍坊市奎文区食源性疾病以急性胃肠炎为主,主要发生在家庭场所,水果类及其制品、散装食品较易引起致病菌污染,沙门氏菌和诺如病毒是引起食源性疾病的主要病原。

OBJECTIVE To explore the occurrence characteristics of foodborne diseases in Kuiwen District of Weifang,and to provide reference for prevention and control of foodborne diseases.METHODS From 2015 to 2021,cases of foodborne diseases in Kuiwen District of Weifang in the Foodborne disease monitoring and reporting system of National Food Safety Risk Assessment Cen⁃ter were selected as the research object.SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS From 2015 to 2021,Kuiwen District of Weifang actively monitored and reported 14042 cases of foodborne diseases through the foodborne disease surveillance and reporting system.The main incidence groups were 18 to 40 years old.The suspected eating places,suspected exposed foods,and food processing or packaging methods were mainly households,fruits and their products and bulk,respectively.A total of 140 pathogens were detected from 925 food-borne disease samples,the detection rate was 15.14%,Salmonella and norovirus were the highest.The age distribution of positive samples was mainly 0~6 years old,and pathogens were mainly detected in households,fruits and their products,and bulk,and acute gastroenteritis cases were the most detected.CONCLUSION From 2015 to 2021,acute gastro⁃enteritis was the main foodborne diseases in Kuiwen District of Weifang,which mainly occurred in household places.Fruits and their products and bulk food were more likely to cause pathogen contamination,and Salmonella and norovirus were the main patho⁃gens causing foodborne diseases.