SiC-ZrC复相超高温陶瓷改性C/C复合材料的研究进展

Research Progress of SiC-ZrC Multiphase Ultra-high Temperature Ceramic Modified C/C Composites

SiC-ZrC复相超高温陶瓷改性C/C复合材料的制备工艺原理与单一陶瓷相改性C/C复合材料的工艺原理基本相同,但SiC-ZrC复相陶瓷具有耐高温、温域宽(1600~2500℃)、抗氧化、工艺适应性好等优点,在测试和应用中表现出优异的力学性能和抗烧蚀性能,能够有效填补目前高温段热防护材料的空缺,因此已经成为C/C复合材料基体掺杂改性的重要选择,在航天飞行器防热领域极具应用潜力。本文针对C/C-SiC-ZrC复合材料的发展潜力和应用空间,从制备工艺、结构特征以及性能特点三个方面综述了C/C-SiC-ZrC复合材料当前的研究进展,分析了制备工艺对复合材料微结构和性能的影响规律,提出了基于工程应用C/C-SiC-ZrC防热材料的发展建议。

C/C-SiC-ZrC composites have better mechanical properties and ablation resistance than single ceramic phase modified C/C composites.Both of the two modification methods have the same process principle.SiC-ZrC multiphase ceramics have the advantages of high temperature resistance,oxidation resistance in a wide temperature range(1600—2500℃),and good process adaptability.Therefore SiC-ZrC multiphase ceramics have become an important component of C/C composite matrix doping modification,and have great application potential in the field of spacecraft thermal protection.In order to provide reference for subsequent research,this paper not only summarizes the current research progress of C/C-SiC-ZrC composites from three aspects:preparation process,structural characteristics,and performance characteristics,but also analyzes the influence of the preparation process on the microstructure and properties of the composites,and puts forward the development proposal of C/C-SiC-ZrC thermal protective materials based on engineering applications.