共识化与共情化:“你知道”类格式在故事讲述中的认识调节

Consensus and Empathy:The Epistemic Adjustment of"Ni zhidao"Formats in Storytelling

在故事讲述中,讲述者使用“你知道”类格式进行认识调节,在故事讲述的不同阶段,功能不同。在讲述开端时,通过共识化引入和构建共同话题;故事进展中,在交代重要的背景信息、讲述极端细节信息和虚拟问答时使用“你知道”类格式,实现共识化和共情化;而在讲述高潮时,使用“你知道”类格式用于总结性结论的共情化与特别感受的共情化,发出共情邀请,要求共情回应。无论共识化还是共情化,都是讲述者有意的话语设计。

"Ni zhidao(You know)"and the related patterns appear frequently in storytelling,playing a role in adjusting epistemic authority,and the interactional functions lie in consensus and empathy.Ni zhidao'and the related patterns appear at the beginning of the story,which can introduce a topic.When they appear during the process of telling,consensus is constructed by introducing important background information and unreasonable or extreme details,and virtual dialogue.When they appear at the climax of the telling,conclusion and special feelings trigger empathy,inviting the listener to respond.Both consensus and empathy are intentional turn design by the teller.