具身认知视角下定向运动专家-新手心理旋转能力的研究

A Study on the Mental Rotation Ability of Orienteering Expert-Novice from the Perspective of Embodied Cognition

从具身认知视角探讨定向运动专家和新手的心理旋转能力。实验1招募定向运动专家和新手40名(专家22名),验证了定向专家的客体心理旋转能力优势。实验2招募定向运动选手34名(专家、新手各17名),实验2a结果发现定向运动专家具有主体心理旋转优势;实验2b中直接操纵身体姿势,发现了“身体-刺激”姿势一致时能促进心理旋转能力,不一致时会阻碍新手的心理旋转能力。结果说明运动水平与心理旋转能力呈正相关以及主体心理旋转能力中操纵身体姿势的具身效应;专家的主体心理旋转能力并不受身体姿势操纵的影响。

From the perspective of embodied cognition,the study explored the mental rotation ability of experts and novices in Orienteering.Experiment 1 recruited 40 orienteering participants(22 experts and 18 novices)and veri-fied the advantage of experts'object-based mental rotation ability.Experiment 2 recruited 34 orienteering partici-pants(17 experts and 17 beginners).In experiment 2a,it was found that the expert group had an advantage in terms of mental rotation ability.In experiment 2b,direct manipulation of body postures was used to find that body-stimulus postures promoted mental rotation when they were consistent,while inconsistency had an inhibitory effect on the mental rotation ability of novices.This study indicated there was a positive correlation between levels of ath-letic performance and mental rotation ability,and the body postures had different effects on athletes'mental rota-tion ability,the embodiement effect of body posture manipulation was seen in the novice group,while the expert group was not affected by the manipulation of body postures.