基于Stackelberg博弈的微电网插入式电动汽车分布式充电控制

Distributed charging control of plug-in electric vehicles in microgrid based on Stackelberg game

插入式电动汽车的充电需求会造成微电网用电负荷加大和电能质量下降,因此需对其充电行为进行有效优化和管理。为此,提出了一种基于Stackelberg博弈的微电网插入式电动汽车分布式充电控制方法。建立了微电网侧和电动汽车用户侧的Stackelberg博弈模型,提出了一种基于原始-对偶的分布式充电控制算法,利用函数的二阶信息快速更新电动汽车用户侧的购电决策和微电网侧的电价,并通过Krasnosel’skii-Mann不动点块坐标迭代证明了算法的收敛性。通过仿真案例验证了所提算法的收敛性和有效性。结果表明,在资源有限的条件下,当用户数量增多时,电价会增大;当用户数量固定,可售电电量增加时,电价会下降。从计算时间和迭代次数方面对比了仅使用一阶信息的分布式原始-对偶算法,结果验证了所提分布式充电控制算法的有效性和优越性。

The charging demand of plug-in electric vehicles(EVs)will increase the power load and decrease the power quality of microgrid,so it is necessary to optimize and manage its charging behavior effectively.Therefore,a distributed charging control method of plug-in EVs in microgrid based on Stackelberg game is proposed.The Stackelberg game models of both microgrid-side and EV user-side are established and a primal-dual-based distributed charging control algorithm is proposed.The second-order information of function is used to quickly update the EV user-side power purchase decision and the microgrid-side electricity price,and the convergence of the algorithm is proved by Krasnosel’skii-Mann fixed point block coordinate iteration.The convergence and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm are verified by a simulation case.The results show that under the condition of limited resources,when the number of users increases,the electricity price will increase.When the number of users is fixed and the amount of electricity available for sale increases,the electricity price will decrease.The distributed primal-dual algorithm which only uses first-order information is compared from the aspects of calculation time and iteration number,and the results verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed distributed charging control algorithm.