民航机务维修人员不安全行为传播影响因素及作用研究

Influencing factors and functions of unsafe behavior propagation of civil aviation maintenance personnel

为预防机务维修人员不安全行为的发生,从行为传播的视角,基于行为传播理论和结构方程模型,实证研究机务维修人员不安全行为传播的影响因素及作用机理。结果表明:工作任务的可执行度正向影响不安全行为传播,安全监察与惩戒措施负向影响不安全行为传播,且不同学历和工龄的群体之间均存在差异;群体关系通过安全监察与惩戒措施间接影响不安全行为传播。因此,在机务维修人员不安全行为传播的管控中,应重点关注工作任务的可执行度、安全监察与惩戒措施和群体关系等因素,并对不同群体进行分层管理。

In order to further prevent and control unsafe behavior occurrence of civil aviation maintenance personnel,from the perspective of behavior propagation,based on behavior propagation theory and Structural Equation Model(SEM),combined with expert interviews and literature research,the influencing factors scale of unsafe behavior propagation of civil aviation maintenance personnel was designed from three aspects:promoting factors,inhibiting factors and catalytic factors.Among them,the promoting factors include task enforceability;the inhibiting factors include individual safety literacy,safety assurance and safety supervision and disciplinary measures;the catalytic factors include group relationship.Finally,a structural equation model were established to empirically analyze the influencing factors and action mechanism of unsafe behavior propagation.The results show that:(1) Among the promotion factors,task enforceability has positive impact on unsafe behavior propagation.Among the inhibition factors,safety supervision and disciplinary measures have negative impact on unsafe behavior propagation.The catalytic factor(group relationship) has no direct impact on unsafe behavior propagation,but safety supervision and disciplinary measures plays a complete mediating role between group relationship and unsafe behavior propagation.(2) In the path of safety supervision and disciplinary measures on unsafe behavior propagation,the maintenance groups with college degree or above and more than 3 years of service are more affected.In the path of task enforceability on unsafe behavior propagation,and in the three paths of group relations on individual safety literacy,safety assurance,safety supervision and disciplinary measures,maintenance groups with junior college and below and with working age of 3 years and below are more affected.Conclusion:In the management and control of unsafe behavior propagation of civil aviation maintenance personnel,task enforceability,safety supervision and disciplinary measures,group relationship need to be focused,and the hierarchical management effect of different groups will be more obvious.