花岗岩、氡气与人类肺癌

Granite,radon gas and human lung cancer

氡作为唯一具有放射性的惰性气体,其危害性被医学研究所证实。世界卫生组织研究报告表明,氡气及其放射性子体的吸入是除吸烟因素之外人类肺癌的第一大致病因子,全球不同国家中大概3%到15%的肺癌是由氡气辐射造成的,氡气与吸烟的协同效应还会使得吸烟者患肺癌的几率大增。此外,过量氡气吸入还能破坏人的神经系统,造成白细胞减少,导致血凝增加和高血糖症状。氡是U-238衰变而来,而花岗岩是U主要赋存岩石之一。花岗岩是大陆地壳主要成分,约占地壳体积的22%。花岗岩的成因在地质学界研究较多,但花岗岩与人类肺癌的关联却没有引起地质工作者足够多的关注;医学界对氡的危害了解较多,但对氡的来源和花岗岩的关系却知之甚少。本文致力于阐明花岗岩与氡气形成的内在逻辑关系,并为公众科普氡气及其危害。

Radon gas is the only radioactive inert gas,whose hazards for human have been confirmed by medical and health science.The WHO report revealed that the inhalation of radon and its decay products was carcinogenic for the human lungs among non-smokers.Approximate 3%~15%human lung cancers are triggered by the radon gas among different countries all over the world.The synergistic effect of radon gas and smoke will significantly raise the possibility of lung cancer.In addition,excess radon inhalation will damage human nervous system,decrease the hemameba,and trigger the increasing of blood clotting and hyperglycemia.Radon is the decay product of 238U,whose one main source is the granite.Granite is the main constituent of continental crust of the Earth,occupying the 22%on volume.Lots of studies on granite origin have been implemented among geological community,however,the relationship of human lung cancer and the granite hasn't got enough attentions from geologists.In contrast,the medical and health community know much about the radon gas,but they don't understand the original source of radon gas and its closeness with granite.In the present study,we would like to address the linkage between granite and radon,shed light on the damage of radon gas for public.